Praca Poglądowa Review Article

Zdr Publ 2011;121(2):196-201
Review Article
12
1
1
1
w ortodoncji
!
Streszczenie
Abstract
! " # ! $ #" ! % ! &'
#
(% "
)
*! !!
)*+
##
)
*,#
#
" "#
!
./ 0 1
2 0/3 4 4 ! /
! 0 1 0 0
0 !0
0
4
1
/$0
'
04
)
/*! 0 0 05 0 4 ! ! 5 ! ) /*
1/
4
'
)
3/*1
0 05 /! /!/
0
! !
/! /!
/
6
7
89
$!:
;< 7
8$
>!:
;< 2
Zdr Publ 2011;121(2)
# !#"
# ! "
" % # N!
.0 #
! 0
!
(% #
#
K6M 8
! #
! !
# 1 "%
!
##
& !
#" % '
8 #
!
'
# U
! " % S
% ! ! !
%
%
K6M
8 ! " % L S " ' , "
!
#
%
&
! ; % #" 0
K6M , # "S .91+! O9$<9+! I> '
I3,#
"S
.!<
!
< [! U
! !
1!,;!1Y
$
" ! " %! " ! ' % '
I3! " '(
# ' I3! # " ?\
R.R 1# ' " # !
##
#+
#
!#"'
" KLMS
6?@
G 9 H I3 #! " # 1 )'*
!
" # J
G . H !
J
G ..H
)
*
#J
G ...H
)*
#KLM
7' # ! N
# ## % %)O !
$!<*KQM
+"%
RR I
7 ' % ) *#
S !
# #J
!
# J !"
# 7 )tip* " H % # 1 )torque* # 7 H #
# !
"
7 H %
7 #
H $ % ! %%6!TKQM
!"#
$
% &
U $
6?V? KWM! # #"
#
#! # !#
9
"
X !%
" Y
#
6?V
S ),
]
(
H,](*H ! ! #" "% &0 " )I
(
HI(*H # "% " + ! #
% U
9
$
)U9$*
'%
$
.91+ 0'
S
$
&6)+
*
+ #
"6
$
&L)^_;
*
8!)Q!TN`*!
!
9
"\!N
#6!
8" #
6 #" " " !
"6!
#L!
8 " 6 ! #L!
08! #Q!T!
!
$
&Q):_+
*
8)Q!TN`*!!
:"6!
#Q!T!
8 " " 6 !
" L #" "" !
# " L !
#W!
8 " L ! #W!
0 8
$
&W)"_
*
;)#*!
+ " ` ! #?!
9
"Q!TN
" !
9
" 6 ! " Q!T " !
8 " " L #" " " !
Zdr Publ 2011;121(2)
08"
# !
" # "W!
U
"W!
8 !
( ! !
9%#KLM
$
&T)X
_
*
:
#)#
#* ! ! # ! # !
> )"*
!
+"?!
9
"Q!TN
" !
8
$ )I(* " % 0
' #" #"
I # 0
'
,.91+""
! #' %>1OX "
K6M
)
%*")*&
6?V@! .91+ .
! "
#
%
;%!#"%
##"!
" a &
# 6?V@ )U
9
$
* KTM 7
I> #" % I> 66 $ S 6 # ! L #! Q # ! W !
T
!`
!@ ! V ! ? !
6\ ! 66 #
Zdr Publ 2011;121(2)
6??
%\T!"
%
6N` #!@66H
# N
! !V!?H ! 6\H
KTM8 #!
#%
& & # !
H"
#
"%"
!
)* U
9
$
" % # S
I> " @\c
! "T\c !"
Q\c!" +,-
;
6?V@ #
! !" %
YS
O)O
9$
!<9*e
K`M
#"
##
%
$
# ( ""N
S
6 N
#H...I3
"..J
L H "
J
Q H " " " ! # % K`M
9O9$<9+K@MS
+
> #
!"
##
!
!#
H # # + #
!
0 ! #! %
0
# ! % #I
%>1O8 % # % "N
! ! " !
#
.
KVM% 0 # N
#
" % &
#
%
;!" ; "% @Tc! /
$ KVM #" 0
# ,!
" !#
Metoda Tanaki i JohnstonaKLM
# # #
+ %
>1O 9 S 6 N
6\!T
#
#
" !LN
66
#
#
9 8 "!
<
1
,
2
,
Q
,
8"!N "
<
!
W
8
J
!"
" <
!
T
U
!
!"
0
" N
1
!"
<
!
200
;
" ! Y
!
" !% " # , %>1O
$ %&
8 " "
Tc " !
!
# KVM # # # % @WcY
" !
"
%
!
#
U
KVM"% #
#
S6
)4
*HN
#" )
* N
#?6!QcJ
L)
*H
# " ! # %
@@!Lc$
#!"#
H)
*!
#
,% 1 -
2%
KVM N
#
" I
0
& 0
'
- KVM # H
"" # & & H )*
& S\H J
6NQ H JWN`H
J@N?
H "
6\H
"
) KVM 6?\? !
&#a< $
" N
##
)SI*! Zdr Publ 2011;121(2)
#
)
34)*#
)
34*
%
%
% #!_ " #
"%S
Pf
SIg6\\
VT
Tf
SIg6\\
`T
# "
! # ! " N
# %
,
!"
!
"
N #! # 1 #!"
"
K?M
.. %
5 %
;+8 # 9%
%
;+
HQWNQT! HQ`NQV
KVM"%
#
)% N
6\*!)
#
*
S
%g6\\
=T\
8N8N6\
"%
" ! WVNTL
Analiza bazy apikalnej wg Rees KVM
)* 6& !VN6\ ! " 9# & ! #" #
, 0 ! # #
I#!#
0
Zdr Publ 2011;121(2)
201
#" >3 S Bw H Ob
f6!TTJBw" HOb" fL
@JBwHBw" fQ?!TJOb
HOb" fT6\
1
K?M. 8
! " ! "
# # # ) % %* # #"% " !
,
% % % S
f
% g6\\
% % 66TN6Q\! "N"
66T! N"6Q\ ! 6V\
" " # !
!
0
#! & (')*'+,,'-.
W <! +N, 7 8 L\\`J66`)W*S`Q?N`W6
T > 0'
! ] a! ,4 ; $4 9
#SX4:h
JL\\?
` ^NY a 9
$ 8 S8<J6??@
@ ijkk+!X
X1 0
./09
1
+ ).91+* 0 X Y
9
L\\6JLV)6*SWTNTL
V >$!$(!93U7!U .U!Y>!$
(,! >
(1!I ; 1 4
0 I> ./ )
I
>
*S 4
X Y 9
6??LJ6WS
6LTNQ?
? ; ;! ,I! ] YU! U 9! $ O1 O
e
S I 0 0
0
(0
Y6?V@J
LW)W*SQ6WNLL
6\$&;!YN9Y9 #
#
a 9
L\\@JQS6TNLQ
667.8#9
S8<JL\\V
6L7I,
9
)
N*
(.< SI;J6?VL
'"!/
,,=$%(//$'81,1:,/&=<ē6.$H !!7
8 9
$! :
; < J
-2/$17$6=<0$ē6.$H !7
8$
>! :
; < J 0$*'$/(1$ '2%52:2/6.$=$5=<&.$ H J à8.$6=
6,'252:,&=H
J
-$186=52'$.H
"
!
7
8 9
$! :
;
< /#
;8N,
7
89
$!:
;< 7@!L\N\V6< NSm
_0/SnWVV6TLV@?W\