public space - Forum for Urban Future in Southeast Asia

public space - Forum for Urban Future in Southeast Asia

“P UBLIC S PAC E AS A MEDIUM
FOR COMMUNITY
PARTICIPATION IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF
YOGYAKARTA MUNICIPALITY”
Gadjah Mada University
Yogykarta, INDONESIA
Contents
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Picture reviews
Small research after the SS in Germany 2009
Definitions of Public Space
Concept
Methodology
Some Findings
Conclusions
“P UB LIC S PAC E AS A MEDIUM FOR COMMUNITY
PARTICIPATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF
YOGYAKARTA MUNICIPALITY”
INF U S E D (Indonesian Forum for Urban Sustainable Development)
F a c ilita te a nd F unde d by C e nte r for R e s e a rc h a nd
C ommunity S e r vic e s (L P P M U G M)
De finitions of P ublic S pa c e
A public s pa c e refers to an area or place that
is open and accessible to all citizens, regardless
of gender, race, ethnicity, age or
socio-economic level. One of the earliest
examples of public spaces are commons. For
example, no fees or paid tickets are required for
entry, nor are the entrants discriminated based
on background. Non-government-owned malls
are examples of 'private space' with the
appearance of being 'public space‘ (
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_space).
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P ublic s pa c e is s pa c e us e d by
thos e w ho do not individua lly
c ontrol it
the s pa c e tha t a ppe a rs to the
w hole c ommunity
the pla c e tha t a ll re s ide nts
ha ve the right to us e
public s pa c e s func tion a s a
e le me nt tha t link s the pla c e s
a nd pe ople .
P ublic s pa c e s a re a lw a ys
s ha re d in us e by the w hole
c ommunity.
consideration :
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what might be thought of as public when
addressing not only the physical, but the visual
landscape of our shared public environments.
the physical setting is socially constructed which
creates a behavior influence
Public Space
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Location
Position
Structure
Function
Historical
Approaches of public space
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Physically (Conceived space)
L ive d S pa c e
Perceived Space
Lived Space
P e rc e ive d C onc e ive d
Private
Public
R e s e a rc h Que s tion
Has the public space in Yogyakarta
Municipality been able to accommodate the
people’s needs in supporting the
development?
R e s e a rc h Obje c tive s
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Identifying the availability of public space in
Yogyakarta Municipality
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Giving a recommendation to Yogyakarta
Municipality government in the provision of
public space in Yogyakarta Municipality
R e s e a rc h Me thodology
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Identification of the existing public space
(physically) in Yogyakarta by (survey, document
references, secondary data analysis)
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Defining public space for its functions and
meaning from public users by qualitative study,
rapid appraisal, in-depth interviews)
L oc a tion: Y ogya k a rta (inne r ring roa d) de fine d
into 6 pa rt
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With 20 to 40 point of location
164 point of public space
7 to 30.000 m square of space consist of various physical strudture: field, public
garden, streets, etc.
S ome findings
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From identification of public space in
Yogyakarta some findings shows that the
usage of the public space are for: playground
(children space to play), market, sports, social
gathering day or night
The ownership and management of the public
space are differentiate by the communities,
civilians, private, and government
F indings :
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Not all public space are directly use for the
public need, but usually are use for social
interaction
This shows that the government try to
developed some spaces to accommodate the
public needs
“usage of public space” show an active role of
the communities to use the public space for
social interaction, even though the spaces are
not designed for this purpose.
R e s ults of the s urve y s he e ts
Physical
PS
Form
Wide
(1)
(2)
1.Lapangan
Lapanga
2400 m2
MMTC
Location
Position
(3)
(4)
Jalan
x=
n Olah
Magelang
Raga
(tepi jalan)
Access
(5)
Mudah
Level
(6)
Lokal
Time of
Activity
(7)
Ownership
(8)
Manage
(9)
Sore hari
Private
Private
0429656
dan hari
sector
sector
y=
libur
Prior
Function
(10)
Umum
usage
(11)
Sesuai
dengan
fungsi utama
9143054
2.Lapangan
Lapanga
Olahraga
Universitas
1200 m2
Ring Road
x=
n Olah
Utara
Raga
(tepi jalan)
Janabadra
Mudah
Lokal
Sore hari
Private
Private
0428095
dan hari
sector
sector
y=
libur
Umum
Sesuai
dengan
fungsi utama
9143176
3. Lapangan
Lapanga
Volley dusun
Mayangan
48 m2
Dusun
x=
Sulit
Lokal
Sore hari
Warga
Warga
Umum
Sesuai
n Olah
Mayangan
0428009
dan hari
dengan
Raga
(areal
y=
libur
fungsi utama
permukima 9142938
n)
4. Pertigaan
Trianggo
Trotoar
15 m
2
Trianggo
x=
(tepi jalan)
0427815
dengan
y=
fungsi utama
9142006
Mudah
Lokal
Siang hari
Pemerintah
Pemerintah
Umum
Sesuai
T ype s of public s pa c e : s ome
findings
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Public space are developed by the government and use
as public space
“Space” that was developed by the government are then
managed by private sectors as commercial uses
(example: Stadion Mandala Krida, stasiun TVRI)
“Spaces” that are lost of functions due to the use of
commercial and non commercial activities (example:
parking area)
“Spaces” that were not use for public space, but
incidentally are use by the communities as their common
interest which finally are use as the center of community
interaction (example: Angkringan Lek Man (street food
This research shows that there are tendencies
of refusing the thesis on privatization of public
space due to commercial economic activities
that accommodate private interest. In
Yogyakarta or even in other cities in
Indonesia, the economic interest of the state
are more important.
C onc lus ion
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The development of public space are specified by certain
group (elite, government, planning).
So sometimes it is not developed for the purpose to public
needs.
There are many interest from certain group and many interest
that should be diakusisi
Economic transformation that took place have huge
implication on the mix use of public space, combining on
economy interest, social and politic.
There is a change of concept in public space, space as lived
space rather thatn physical character.
Ther are 3 interest that interelated for public
space  Social/Cultural
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Politic
Economi
IMPORTANT ASCPECT OF PUBLIC SPACE
Domain publik
Domain public
and government
Domain
private/swasta
Example : Alun – Alun Kota J ogjakarta
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Domain historic are for social interest
Economic interest had eroded the function of alun-alun
as social interest.
Economic interest that arises are private or indivodual
interest
Alun-alun are developed by the government
The public interest are then eroded by the economic
interest from the governemnt
Decentralization had caused capitilization of the public
space by increasing more income.
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In the future, there will difficulties for the
communities to find public space that fulfilled
their needs
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How are the need of the public space in
Yogyakarta can be fulfilled/accommodated?
P U B L IC S PAC E
EXPERT MEETING IN
INDONESIA
October 23-31, 2010
(tentative)
Age nda of e x pe rt me e ting
(te nta tive )
Da
y
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ac tivitie s
Arrival, welcome dinner
Opening Ceremony, Presentation on
GMU, Seminar on Public Space,
country project presentation
country presentation on public space
research
Field Visit
Field Visit
Field research
Group discussion
Public day of public space,
Group presentation,
Discussion for further activities,
closing ceremony
Departure
V e nue /pla c e
GMU, Multi media
GMU, Multi media
Solo
Semarang
Yogyakarta
GMU
GMU
GMU
Da y 1:
Welcome Dinner di Bale Raos restaurant (tentative)
Da y 2 :
Opening ceremony: welcome speech by Rector of UGM, 09.00-09.30
Seminar on Public Space : 09.30-12.00 (2,5 hour, 20 minute each person)  5 panel
(UGM/academician, FoRum, Mayor of Yogyakarta, Bussiness, LSM) Who will be invited ?
(J ohan Silas (ITS); Prof. Kraas, Hery Zudiyanto, Ciputra, UN Habitat, P’ Bobby Setiawan, Bu
Sita, Samuel Indratma, Krupuk)
Presentation of UGM (Coord. By LPPM): 13.00-14.00
Country presentation based on country project (will be defined in Laos): 14.00-17.00
Da y 3 :
Presentation of ‘Public Space’: 09.00-10.00
Country presentation on Public Space Research: 10-16
Working Group  preparation for excursion: Participants will be grouped into several groups of
different countries: 16-17
Da y 4 : Yogya – Solo by regional train (Pramex): 08.00-09.00
Presentation by local government (mayor of Solo) on urban development  Ibu Nanda
(Coord.)
Site visit in Solo: Loji Gandrung, Taman Banjarsari (revitalitation of Public Space and
relocation of informal vendors) – Semanggi Market Notoraharjo, Taman Bale
Kambang (Historic public space), Ngarsopuro (traditional market and Public Space),
Laweyan Heritage Village.
Cultural night activity: Galabo, Sriwedari (Wayang Orang/Human Traditional Theatre),
Balekambang
Over night in Solo
Da y 5 :
Field visit to Semarang :
Presentation by local government on urban development (Bappeda)
Site visit: Simpang Lima, Kota Lama, Pecinan
Da y 6:
Da y 7:
Group discussion on field work of excursion in Solo, Semarang and Yogya: 09.00-12.00
(Developing short report based on field research/preparation for public day)
Presentation of the group: 13.00-16.00
Da y 8:
Public Day of Public Space
Group presentation/poster session
Da y 9:
Discussion for possible cooperation and further activities
Closing ceremony
Da y 10:
Departure
R e s e a rc h on P ublic S pa c e (c ommon
te mpla te )
Research Question
1. What are the structure and function of the public spaces?
2. How do historical perspective explain the structure and
function of the public spaces
3. What typology we can draw?
4. Do they meet the public needs?
Aims:
1. To identify existing (physical) public space
2. To understand the meaning of public space in term of
position, location, structure function, and historical
perspective
3. To analyze the need of public space for urban
sustainable development
Methods:
Identification of existing public space :
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Secondary data analysis
aerial photograph and map interpretation
site visit : observation and open interview
Public
space no
Position
Meaning : Field research
Typology :
Location
Function
Historical
perspective
T HANK Y OU
See you all in Indonesia