3. czasy przysz¸e - future tenses

Collegium Novum Akademia Maturalna
www.domatury.pl
tel. 0-22 424-89-66
3. CZASY PRZYSZ¸E - FUTURE TENSES
Future Simple
1. Przewidywanie przysz∏oÊci
Czas Future Simple u˝ywany jest do przewidywania przysz∏oÊci, kiedy
nie mamy potwierdzenia w teraêniejszoÊci, ˝e coÊ si´ zdarzy ale
wyra˝amy w∏asnà opini´, czas ten wyst´puje wtedy po takich zwrotach
jak: I think, in my opinion, maybe, perhaps.
I think it will rain tomorrow.
Perhaps she will lend you some money.
Czas ten s∏u˝y tak˝e do wyra˝ania pewnoÊci, ˝e coÊ si´ wydarzy, która
wynika z wiedzy o temacie.
Next year my brother will be thirty two.
Go and ask the teacher. She will help you.
2. Nag∏e decyzje
Czasu Future Simple u˝ywamy te˝, gdy podejmujemy decyzje w trakcie wypowiedzi na temat tego co zrobimy w przysz∏oÊci.
I didn’t know he is in hospital. I will go and visit him.
3. Postanowienia, obietnice, przyrzeczenia
Czasu Future Simple u˝ywa si´ cz´sto do wyra˝enia postanowieƒ,
przyrzeczeƒ, obietnic.
I promise I will help you.
To be going to
1. CzynnoÊci zamierzone
Wyra˝enia ‘to be going to’ u˝ywamy do wyra˝enia wczeÊniej
zaplanowanych czy zamierzonych czynnoÊci.
I am going to paint the kitchen at the weekend, I’ve already bought the
paint.
He is going to travel round Europe this summer holiday.
2. Przewidywanie przysz∏oÊci
Wyra˝enia ‘to be going to” u˝ywamy równie˝ do przewidywania tego
co si´ zdarzy wkrótce gdy mamy na to potwierdzenie (przes∏anki)
w teraêniejszej sytuacji.
1
Collegium Novum Akademia Maturalna
www.domatury.pl
tel. 0-22 424-89-66
Look at those clouds. It is going to rain.
Watch out! You are going to fall!
Future Continuous
1. CzynnoÊç odbywajàca si´ w danym momencie w przysz∏oÊci
Czasu Future Continuous u˝ywamy aby opisaç czynnoÊç, która b´dzie
si´ odbywa∏a, trwa∏a w okreÊlonym momencie w przysz∏oÊci.
This time next week I will be flying to Tokyo.
2. Powtarzajàca si´ czynnoÊç lub stan trwajàcy w przysz∏oÊci
Czasu Future Continuous u˝ywa si´ równie˝ aby wyraziç stan lub powtarzajàcà si´ czynnoÊç (zwyczaj lub nawyk), które b´dà mia∏y miejsce
w przysz∏oÊci.
In ten years time I will be working at school and I will probably be
cycling to work.
Future Perfect Simple
1. CzynnoÊç, która si´ zakoƒczy do okreÊlonego momentu w przysz∏oÊci
Czasu Future Perfect u˝ywamy by opisaç czynnoÊç, która odb´dzie si´
do danego momentu w przysz∏oÊci lub stanu, który b´dzie trwa∏ przez
jakiÊ czas do okreÊlonego momentu w przysz∏oÊci.
By the time we get there, the concert will have finished.
By the end of next year they will have been married for twenty years.
Future Perfect Continuous
1. CzynnoÊci wykonywane do pewnego momentu w przysz∏oÊci
Czas Future Perfect Continuous jest u˝ywany do wyra˝ania czynnoÊci,
które b´dà trwa∏y i b´dà wykonywane do okreÊlonego momentu w
przysz∏oÊci.
By the end of this year, I will have been working for this company for
ten years.
Present Simple & Present Continuous
Czas Present Simple u˝ywany jest tak˝e w znaczeniu przysz∏ym do
wyra˝enia niezale˝nych od nas wydarzeƒ przysz∏ych zwiàzanych z
rozk∏adem jazdy, planami zaj´ç itp.
2
Collegium Novum Akademia Maturalna
www.domatury.pl
tel. 0-22 424-89-66
My plane for London leaves at 10 tomorrow.
Czasu Present Continuous u˝ywamy do wyra˝enia zaplanowanych,
ustalonych wydarzeƒ w bliskiej przysz∏oÊci, które na pewno si´ zdarzà.
I am seeing my doctor tomorrow.
Exercise 1.
Choose the most suitable tense. Wybierz odpowiedni czas.
1. Don’t come between 7.00 and 8.00. I will write/will be writing my
essay then.
2. If you arrive late at the airport, the plane will go/will have gone.
3. I’ve just done a pregnancy test. We will have/are going to have a baby!
4. Look! That car will crash/is going to crash!
5. Can you take me to the station because I will leave/am leaving tomorrow.
6. According to the timetable, this lesson is starting/starts at 9:15.
7. Let me know as soon as you will have/have the results of the exam.
8. This time next week they will be eating/will have eaten lunch in a luxurious hotel.
9. Why are you going to change/will you change your job?
10. Greg will not be/will not have been back until eight. Would you like to
leave a message?
Exercise 2.
Put each verb in brackets into a suitable future form. Czasowniki w nawiasach wstaw w odpowiedniej formie czasu przysz∏ego.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
In ten years’ time I (work) .................... for a bigger company.
When your plane lands, I (wait) ................... in the Arrivals Hall.
I don’t have time now, but I promise I (help) .................. you later.
By this time next year they (build) .................... the new ring-road.
Have you heard the news? The Johnsons (sell) ................... their house
and move to the country.
6. Frankly, I don’t think you (get) ...................... the job, but you can try.
7. By the time he retires, Tim (work) ................... here for forty years.
8. We’d better hurry. It’s five and his train (arrive).................... in half an
hour.
9. (you take) ................... your dog with you on holiday?
10. I’m afraid I can’t visit you at Christmas. My family (stay) .....................
with me then.
3
Collegium Novum Akademia Maturalna
www.domatury.pl
tel. 0-22 424-89-66
Exercise 3.
Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the
same. Sparafrazuj poni˝sze zdania, wykorzystujàc podane poczàtki, tak
aby zachowaç znaczenie zdaƒ.
1. Look at those clouds! There’s snow on the way!
Look at those clouds! It .................................................. .
2. Our fifteenth wedding anniversary is at the end of this month.
By the end of this month we ............................................ .
3. His meeting with the boss is tomorrow.
He ............................................................................ .
4. My sister’s baby is due in April.
My sister ..................................................................... .
5. Park the car here. The police may not notice.
Park your car here. Maybe the police .................................... .
Exercise 4.
In the following text some lines are correct and some contain an unnecessary
word. Tick the correct lines and write the unnecessary word in the space on
the right. W poni˝szym tekÊcie niektóre linijki sà poprawne a niektóre zawierajà niepotrzebne s∏owo. Zaznacz linie poprawne, a niepotrzebne s∏owo
napisz po prawej stronie obok danej linijki.
I was on time for my doctor’s appointment, but the doctor was still being busy
with another patient, so I sat in the waiting room and read some of the old magazines lying there. While I was wondering whether to leave and come back
another day, I had noticed a magazine article about nutrition. It began: How long
is it since you last checked your weight? Do you know if you have been
put on weight in the last few years? Do you regularly check the level of cholesterol in your blood? Next to the article there was a picture of a man sitting
at the table. The man had just been eaten a huge hamburger and was holding
another one. The caption under the picture said: “You only live once, you
do not have to eat twice as much as you need”. I had suddenly realized
what I had been eating for the last half a year since I had lost my job. Just then
the doctor’s door had opened. “Next please,” he called as the previous patient
pushed past me. “I’m glad you are here at last”, he added . “Me, too”, I said.
4
Collegium Novum Akademia Maturalna
www.domatury.pl
tel. 0-22 424-89-66
Karta odpowiedzi
Exercise 1.
1. will be writing
2. will have gone
3. are going to have
4. is going to crash
5. am leaving
6. starts
7. have
8. will be eating
9. are you going to change
10. will not be
Exercise 2.
1. will be working
2. will be waiting
3. will help
4. will have built
5. are going to sell
6. will get
7. will have been working
8. arrives
9. Are you taking/Are you going to take
10. is/are staying/will be staying
Exercise 3.
1. Look at those clouds! It is going to snow.
2. By the end of this month we will have been married for fifteen years.
3. He is meeting/seeing the boss tomorrow.
4. My sister is going to have/is havinga baby in April.
5. Park your car here. Maybe the police won’t notice.
Exercise 4.
1. being
2. 3. 4. had
5. been
6. 7. 5
Collegium Novum Akademia Maturalna
www.domatury.pl
8. been
9. 10. had
11. 12. had
13. -
6
tel. 0-22 424-89-66