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1. S. S. Ray, M. Bousmina,
"biodegradable polymers and their
layered silicate nanocomposites: In
greening the 21st century materials
world", progress in materials science,
50, 962-1079, 2005.
2. Kokad N(2003)Nanotechnology
:New challenge electronic or you 35:336
ƾĩřŹƺųŵřƺƯƮƬƗÒ
šŚºƏŚŞţŹřƹ ƽźŤƄºƯŻŚºǀƳŽŚºſřźºŝ ƾƿŚºƷƽŹƹōƺƳ Ó
ƾƿřŸƛ
ŢƃƺƳŚě
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1. Nano composite
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2. Dwarf
ƶºƴǀƯŻŹŵƽŵŚºƿŻƽŚƷƂƫŚģ ŶƴŤƀƷƵřŹƲƿřŹŵƾƸĈūƺţƪŝŚƣ
3. Nobelloryt
ƾºſźŤſŵƶºģźĭŵŹřŵŵƺūƹŚƷƶŤƃŹ ƽƶưƷŹŵƺƳŚƳƽŹƹŚňƴƟ
4. Ericdrexler
5. Permeability coefficient
ƱŵƺºŝƱřźºĭƪºǀƫŵƶºŝŚºƯřŢºſřƱŚſōŶƿŶūƽŹƹŚňƴƟƲƿřƶŝ
6. Diffusion
ŢƀºǀƳźƿŸºěƱŚºĪƯřŢƗźºſŚŝŹřŻŚŝƶŝ ƱōŵƹŹƹšLJƺƈŰƯ
7. Solubility
8. Montmorillonite
ƭƺºŬƷŶƷŚƃ ƽŵƹŻƶŝƹŶƴŤƀƷƪůƪŝŚƣšLjĪƄƯƲƿřƶŤŞƫř
9. PET(Poly Ethylene Terephthalate)
10. Chemical Giant Bayer
ƹƾºƴưƿřƽřźºŝźŧŒºƯƾţLJƺƈŰƯŻřƺƳŚƳƽŹƹŚ
ňƴƟƽŚƷƵŵŹƹōźƟ
11. Dyourtan
ƶƤǀƬºſŚºŝƢŝŚƐƯƹƽżƿŹƶƯŚƳźŝƪŝŚƣƽŚƷřŸƛŚţ ƶŤƟźĭŢƯLjſ
12. Kraft
13. Rotgr
ŹŵřŹƽŹƹōŢƠĮƃŪƿŚŤƳ
ƶĩŵƺŝƮǀƷřƺųřŸƛŢƘƴƇƶŝŵřźƟř
14. Connecticut
ƪººŨƯƞººƬŤŴƯƭƺººƬƗŻřƱřŶƴưƄººƳřŵ.ŢººƃřŵŶººƴƷřƺųźººŝ
15. Syratechnologes
16. Burtlach
ƾºſŶƴƸƯƾưǀºƃƾſŶƴƸƯƾưǀƃŵřƺƯƭƺƬƗƽĥƺƫƺǀŝƹźĪǀƯ
17. William alr
18. Thermophilic
ŢºƃƺĭƭƺºƬƗƾƿřŸºƛƖƿŚƴƇƾưǀƃŢƀƿŻŢƀƿŻƎǀŰƯ
19. Antigen
ƮƫŚſŢƃƺĭŚţŶƴƷŵƮƷŢſŵƶŝŢſŵŶƿŚŝƾƯƺưƗŢƯLjſ
20. Nucleic
21. Optical
ƹƵŶǀƄºŴŝŵƺºŞƸŝřŹƽŹřŶºƸĮƳźºưƗƺƳŚƳƽŹƹŚňƴƟŶƴƴĩŶǀƫƺţ
22. Staphylococcus
ŵřŵŶºƷřƺųƂƿřżºƟřřŹŢºƟŚƿŻŚŝŢºǀƬŝŚƣƹźºţĨŞſřŹƱŻƹ
23. Edcherichia coli
24. Salmoneua
ƪǀƀºƳŚŤěŶºƷřƺųźºǀǀƜţřŹŚºƷƶŤƀºŝƶưƷŢųŚſƺƳŚƳƽŹƹŚňƴƟ
25. Listeria monocytogenes
ƾƟŚºĩƂºƳřŵƱřŶºƤƟƪºǀƫŵƶŝŢƃƺĭŢƘƴƇŹŵƺƳŚƳ ƽŹƹŚňƴƟ
26. Gluten
27. Good food
ŹŵƺƳŚºƳ ƽŹƹŚňƴƟŹŵŢƟźƄǀěźĭř ŢſřƵŶƄƳħŹŵ ľLjƯŚĩŻƺƴƷ
28. Pathogens
29. Deoxyribonueleic acid
ŵƹŶŰƯŚƳźƿŵŚƤƯŵŚŬƿřƽřźŝƮǀƳřƺţƾƯŚƯŶŝŚƿƶƯřŵřƶƇźƗƲƿř
30. Ultra violet
ŶºƳřƺţƾƯƲƿřƶĩƮǀƃŚŝŹřƹŶǀƯřƾưţřŮƐſŹŵżŤƴſŚŝŢƃƺĭ
31. Natrlnd
32. RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)
ŶƴĩƲĩƶƄƿŹřŹƾĮƴſźĭ
33. Latoor
ŵŚƸƴƄºǀě ƹ ŢºſřƵŵźŤƀºĭŹŚǀƀºŝƺƳŚƳ ƽŹƹŚňƴƟ ƽŚƷƶƴǀƯŻ
34. Baker and Coorkr
35. Fast food
ƹƽŶƴŝƶŤƀŝƂŴŝŹŵřŹŵƺųšŚƤǀƤŰţƱŚǀƯƲƿřŹŵŵƺƃƾƯ
36. Poly peptide
37. Poly – nucleotides
ƵŶºƃƶºŤƠĭŵŹřƺºƯźºŝƵƹLjƗƮǀƴĩżĩźưŤƯƾƿřŸƛŵřƺƯƾƴưƿř
38. Petroleum
ŵƺưƳƶĈūƺţźƿŻŵŹřƺƯƶŝŶƿŚŝƺƳŚƳƽŹƹŚňƴƟƁźŤƀĭƽřźŝ
39. Poly – Lactic
40. Succinate
ƽřźºŝšŚºƳřƺǀůƶºƿŸƜţƹƾƿřŸºƛŵřƺƯŻřƽřƶƿŚěħŹŵæ
41. Poly – hydroxyl butyrate
ŶƴưƃƺƷƽŹƹōƺƳ
42. Aliphatic
43. SwissRe
19. Gogotsi,Y .(2006).Nano materials
Handbook.
Drexel
University
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.CRS
Press.
20. Azo Nano 2007 Advanced
Nanotechnology gets grant for food
packaging
Nanotechnology
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Archire.
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encapsulation system provide controlled
Release of ingredient .food Technol.
57(12):40-42
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Michigan. Medicine at Michigan,
summer issue, pp.14-21-Available .
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silver Nanoparticles on food processing
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Nano food .guardian unlimited UK
13decembr 2006. Available at observer
.guardian.co.
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,G.Gorrasi and V.Vittoria ,potential
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status and consumer, processing of 2009
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the laboratory and on to our plate's pp2828.
Reynolds.G.2007.Furture
Nano
packaging worth billion, says study.
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benefit .Food production daily .com 21
August 2006..
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and safe life .New world study By
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Edition .common wealth of Austell,
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Production Daily .com 19 July 2007
Available .
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Technical
university
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Denmark.2007.Bioplastic develop into
food packaging through Nanotechnology
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packaging: concepts and applications,
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