INTERNATIONAL LAW AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

INTERNATIONAL LAW AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

!!"#$%%&'()%*#
#+,-./+0"#/.1 2 301#0"4#105#4 !3.,-!+#6#789:;<#%# ==:<#$#$>?&#
"2+-"02 ."01#105##
0"4# "2+-"02 ."01#-+102 ."!#
2ABA=#1<=CD8EFGC#
!"#$%&'($()*+,"$--./&0")#)1%+0.#"$2)3.-&0+)
!"#$%&'() ('$)*$"+,$&)*-(.()
+,/"01#(-$"$.!2$)*345,60#!2$)
2ABA=#1<=CD8EFGC#
*+,"$--.!"+!) !"4$%&"(')"!)1%+0.#2)3.-+!5)
(#),#",7,"3(5)(%)()%34 !6&))
$8)*345,6),#&!-#(&,$#(5)5(.)
!"# $%&'()"# '*# +",-&"+# &-# &!"# $.$)/*'*# -0# '.+','+1$)2*# '.&"%.$&'-.$)# )"3$)# *&$&1*# '.# 4-+"%.#
'.&"%.$&'-.$)# *-('"&/5# !"# $1&!-%# (-.+1(&*# (-46$%$&',"# $.$)/*'*# -0# &!"# ,'"7*# -.# '.+','+1$)2*#
'.&"%.$&'-.$)#)"3$)#6"%*-.$)'&/#'.#8$*&"%.#81%-6"$.#+-(&%'."5#
!"# 0'%*&# 6$%&# -0# &!"# %"*"$%(!# '*# +",-&"+# &-# 3"."%$)# -1&)'."# -0# &!"# +"9$&"# (-.("%.'.3#
'.&"%.$&'-.$)# )"3$)# 6"%*-.$)'&/:# "46!$*';'.3# !'*&-%'($)# +",")-64".&# -0# '.&"%.$&'-.$)# )"3$)#
6"%*-.$)'&/# -0# '.+','+1$)*5# !"# *"(-.+# 6$%&# -0# &!"# %"*"$%(!# (-.(".&%$&"*# -.# &!"# $.$)/*'*# -0#
'.+','+1$)2*#)"3$)#($6$('&/#'.#'.&"%.$&'-.$)#)$7:#"*6"('$))/#'.#&!"#$%"$#-0#!14$.#%'3!&*#6%-&"(&'-.#
$.+#'.&"%.$&'-.$)#(%'4'.$)#)$75#
H<F# I8BJ=K# '.+','+1$):# *19<"(&*# -0# '.&"%.$&'-.$)# )$7:# '.&"%.$&'-.$)# )"3$)# 6"%*-.$)'&/:# !14$.#
%'3!&*:#'.&"%.$&'-.$)#(%'4'.$)#%"*6-.*'9')'&/5#
!"#$% & '"'( )*+,-'&"*$"./ +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./ +6783'&$"./ 9"*: ;$3"6*:17383&/)1$5 9"*&'&" 3
$3"&12<$34:5= 74#%'5 +0&"#23/:"2 #5*<60*6 &10,)$/ ) #/<:05$3"= 91< 3 ) +01<:5'"= <1:18/. +/#23/:,) :"9
#&3"#&3$5 +01)1>?@ A19)34<*&" </$:0/)"0*9" 76#&3 <)"*:31 +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9
9"#$/*:<3 C'&583 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9E@ F5*<6*9" $1 :"$ :"21: +/91)31-5 *34 +/ &1</$'&"$36 G )/9$5 B)31:/)"9=
<3"#5 +/)*:1-1 HAI= /#75-5 *34 :0576$1-5 ) A/0527"0#&" /01& J/<3/ 3 &1'&%- <*&:1-:/)1K *34
234#&5$10/#/)5 *5*:"2 /'(0/$5 +01) '&-/)3"<1@ LM0/'"* &$1'&%'"./ )&21'$31$31 +/&5'93 9"#$/*:<3 )
+01)3" 234#&5$10/#/)52= &)-1*&'&1 /# +/-/)5 NN )3"<6 3 +/# )+-5)"2 </$'"+'93
+01)$/234#&5$10/#/)"9 /'(0/$5 +01) '&-/)3"<1= $3" 2/O" 75K <)"*:3/$/)1$5@ J/ 9"#$1<= '&5 3 #/
91<3"./ *:/+$31 6+01)$3/$" 9"*: 2,)3"$3" / 9"#$/*:'" 91</ / +/#23/'3" +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./ 9"*:
)5-%'&$3" 0"&68:1:"2 +/'&5$3/$5'( &1-/O"P )*:4+$5'(QG@ R #/<:05$3" &1'(/#$3"9 .-,)$" #"71:5 :/'&% *34
$3" )/<,- 6&$1$31 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 &1 +/#23/: +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./ +6783'&$"./ C)34<*&/BK
$16</)',) )*+3"01 :1<3 +/.8%#E= 18" )/<,- $1:605 3 &1<0"*6 :1<3"9 +/#23/:/)/B'3@ !"#$1< ) #/<:05$3"
B0/#</)/S 3 )*'(/#$3/"60/+"9*<3"9 C+/8*<3"9= 6<013P*<3"9 /01& 0/*59*<3"9E :"$ +/.8%# #/:5'('&1* $3" 9"*:
+0&")1O19%'52 3 21 )34'"9 +0&"'3)$3<,)= $3O"83 &)/8"$$3<,)@
!"#$52 & +3"0)*&5'( 71#1'&5= <:,05 &)0,'3- 6)1.4 $1 </$3"'&$/BK 6&$1$31 '&-/)3"<1 +/#23/:"2
+01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./ +6783'&$"./ C#18"9 T MUME 3 1<:5)$3" +0/2/)1- :1<3 +/.8%# 75- *-5$$5
705:59*<3 +01)$3< V"0*'( W16:"0+1'(:X C.-,)$1 +01'1 $1 :"$ :"21: LY$:"0$1:3/$18 W1) 1$# V621$ Z3.(:*Q?
?
[6&$31<= \@ CG]?GE@ Przestrze operacyjna prawa mi!dzynarodowego publicznego: perspektywa polska. R10*&1)1=
^^@
G
[/)18*<3= U@ CG]?XE@ Prawo do samoobrony jako "rodek zwalczania terroryzmu mi!dzynarodowego. R10*&1)1_
F3D3$ `a= Xb@
X
V"0*'( W16:"0+1'(: 60/#&3- *34 ?c *3"0+$31 ?^bd 0@ ) 231*:"'&<6 e,-<3") $3"#18"</ /# W)/)1@ `:6#3/)1- $1
)5#&318" +01)1 f$3)"0*5:":6 W)/)*<3"./ !1$1 [1&323"0&1 C:"01& f$3)"0*5:": 32"$31 Y)1$1 g01$<3E ) 81:1'(
?b?hS?b?b= +/:"2 )5"23.0/)1- #/ R3"#$31= 1 ) ?bGX 0@ #/ W/$#5$1= &/*:1- +0/D"*/0"2 ) i12703#."= '&-/$<3"2
[/23*93 M01)1 U34#&$10/#/)"./ HAI /01& *4#&3% U34#&5$10/#/)"./ J0576$1-6 `+01)3"#83)/B'3@
@
!!"#$%%&'()%*###+7-./!HL#/.1 2 3HL#0#/-M7"N#4 !H,-O#
?bh] 0@E@ !"./ +/.8%#5 75-5 +/'&%:</)/ 2/'$/ <05:5</)1$"= 8"'& ) :01<'3" 0/&)/96 MUM ) G +/-/)3" NN
)3"<6 *:1-5 *34 +0&")1O19%'523 ) #/<:05$3" &1'(/#$3"9@
R I)3%&<6 Z1#&3"'<32 +/.8%#5 W16:"0+1'(:1 75-5 6)1O1$" &1 17*60#18$" 3 *+0&"'&$" & +/83:5<%
+10:33 </26$3*:5'&$"9= ) <:,0"9 #/23$/)1- +0521: 3$:"0"*,) +1P*:)1 $1# 3$:"0"*"2 9"#$/*:<3@ F81:"./
6&$1$3" +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 75-/ $3"2/O83)"= 1 +/#/7$" +/.8%#5
<05:5</)1$/ 91</ L760O61&59$"Q 3 L<1+3:183*:5'&$"QG@ F/+3"0/ ) 81:1'( ^]S:5'( +/91)3-5 *34 $3"83'&$"
+0&5'(58$" #81 234#&5$10/#/)"9 +/#23/:/)/B'3 9"#$/*:"< .-/*5X@ R #/<:05$3" +/*:01#&3"'<3"9 +/#"9B'3"
#/ +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)"9 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 $1#18 +/&/*:19" ) )34<*&/B'3 *'"+:5'&$"@ M0&5'&5$%
:"./ 9"*:= 234#&5 3$$52= $3"'(4K $16</)',) #/ &231$5 +/.8%#,) 867 6*:18/$5'( </$'"+'93 $16</)5'(@
A3"2$3"9 9"#$1<= +/91)3-/ *34 .0/$/ 6'&/$5'(= <:,0&5 1<:5)$3" )*+3"019% 3 +0/269% $/)/'&"*$" +/#"9B'3"
#/ MUM= ) :52 3 #/ +/#23/:/)/B'3 /*,7 D3&5'&$5'( CR@ \6:<")5'&j= a@ [/)8"0h= !@ [/O"60/)c 3:+@E@
R +/8*<3"9 $16'" MUM :"$ +0/78"2 $3" 9"*: &75: .-47/</ 1$183&/)1$5= & /*:1:$3'( 81: 2/O$1 )*<1&1K
71#1$31 \@ U3"8$3<d= !@ `/&1P*<3"./^ /01& [@ [10*<3"./b= <:,0" #/:5'&% :"./ &1.1#$3"$31@
)
*9:;<=>)=)?@ABCD@B)E9FG=9@9H9I<=)G=;FJBK?A9F9H9EA?HK>:L)
R +01)3" 234#&5$10/#/)52= 91< 3 ) <1O#"9 3$$"9 #&3"#&3$3" +01)1= +/#23/: +01)1 L26*3 +/*31#1K
#)3" &#/8$/B'3_ +01)$% C:9@ 75K 1#0"*1:"2 +01) 3 /7/)3%&<,)E 3 #/ '&5$$/B'3 +01)$5'( C:9@ +0&"& )-1*$"
#&31-1$31 )5*:4+/)1K ) *:/*6$<1'( 234#&5$10/#/)5'( /01& 2,' <*&:1-:/)1K &1<0"* *)/3'( +01) 3
/7/)3%&<,)EQ?]@ J1<1 +/&5'91 ) #/<:05$3" MUM $3" 9"*: 9"#$/83:1@ a@ [81D</)*<3 6)1O1-= O"
L+/#23/:/)/BK +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./ 9"*: &#/8$/B'3% $175)1$31 +01) 3 &1'3%.1$31 &/7/)3%&1P
234#&5$10/#/)5'(Q??k +/#/7$" *:1$/)3*</ &192/)1- 3 R@ l,018'&5<= <:,05 :)3"0#&3-= O" L+/#23/:"2
+01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./ 9"*: :"$= <:/ +/*31#1 +01)1 3 /7/)3%&<3 )5$3<19%'" 7"&+/B0"#$3/ & +01)1
234#&5$10/#/)"./Q?G@
!"#$1< *121 :58</ &#/8$/BK +01)$1 $3" 9"*: )5*:10'&19%'1 #81 6&$1$31 91<3"./B :)/06 &1 +/#23/:
234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$5@ F81:"./ :01D$3"9*&523 )5#19% *34 #"D3$3'9" !@ l381*1 CL+/#23/:/)/BK +01)1
234#&5$10/#/)"./ +6783'&$"./ 9"*: &#/8$/B'3% $175)1$31 +01) 3 &1'3%.1$31 7"&+/B0"#$3/ &/7/)3%&1P
234#&5$10/#/)5'(Q?XE /01& Z@ \3"0&1$<1 3 !@ `52/$3#"*1 CL+/#23/: +01)1 26*3 8".3:52/)1K *34
&#/8$/B'3% +01)$%= '&583 3$1'&"9 &#/8$/B'3% #/ +/*31#1$31 +01) 3 /7/)3%&<,) /01& &#/8$/B'3% #/
'&5$$/B'3 +01)$5'(= 2/O83)/B'3% 7"&+/B0"#$3"./ &1'3%.1$31 +01) 3 /7/)3%&<,)= '/ &)3%&1$" 9"*: &"
&#/8$/B'3% )5*:4+/)1$31 ) *:/*6$<1'( 234#&5$10/#/)5'(Q?jE= <:,0" 0,)$3"O +/#<0"B819% 7"&+/B0"#$3"
)5$3<1$3" +01) 3 /7/)3%&<,) & MUM= 18" :1<O" )*<1&69% $1 </$3"'&$/BK -%'&"$31 &#/8$/B'3 +01)$"9 &"
&#/8$/B'3% #/ #&31-1P +01)$5'(@
R 83:"01:60&" )50,O$3/$/ *&"0/<% 83*:4 1:0576:,) +/#23/:,) MUM@ !"#$52 & 710#&3"9 +/+6810$5'(?h
?
W16:"0+1'(:= V@ C?bh]E@ International Law and Human Rights. W/$#/$@
mnopqr= s@t@ C?bh?E@ uqvwxyz {|}~zx€ z‚ƒ|v€nqƒvq„q …n€r€, #$%&'()*+&(+$ ,*)-+. †q{r€= c]]k
‡r„zvˆzr= ‰@‰@ C?bcGE@ .'/0$123 4$%&'()*+&(+5+ ,*)-). †q{r€= jd?@
X
I/7@_ Š„v€xzvq= ‹@‰@ C?b^hE@ †z‚ƒ|v€nqƒvqz y {qrzx{qz …n€rq_ unq}pzo rŒ€yqƒz{xryw …n€rqroŽ
{y{xz. .+-$261+$ 5+6'&)*62-+ 7 ,*)-+, 1, dXS^jk €Ž€nqr€= @‰@ C?b^bE@ Švƒyryƒ T {|}~zx
z‚ƒ|v€nqƒvq„q …n€r€@ .+-$261+$ 5+6'&)*62-+ 7 ,*)-+, 11, ??GS??^@
j
t|xzry‘= ‰@ CG]?]E@ ‹zvzŒ€ ƒqxnyvy ’‚v€nqƒvq“ …n€rq{|}”•xvq{x’ ’vƒyr’ƒ€. 8*)-+ 91*):(7, 2, jjShj@
h
mqrpzn= –@ CG]?GE@ —vƒyr’ƒ w {|}”•x ’‚v€nqƒvq„q …n€r€ C…qrznvzvvw ƒq ƒy{|{’“E@ #;%()*+&($ ,*)-+, 1, GdS
h]@
c
mq‚z|nqr= ˜@ CG]]?E@ 8*+/<$43 4$%&'()*+&(+= ,*)-+6'/0$12(+627 7(&7-7&)@ †q{r€@
d
U3"8$3<= \@ CG]]^E@ Kszta>towanie si! pozapa stwowej podmiotowo"ci w prawie mi!dzynarodowym. R0/'-1)@
^
`/&1P*<3= !@ CG]]^E@ I$1'&"$3" 3*:/:$3"9*&5'( 1:0576:,) +/#23/:/)5'( #81 6*:18"$31 +/#23/:/)/B'3
234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9@ Roczniki Nauk Prawnych, Tom XVIII, numer 1, *XXScG@
b
[10*<3= [@ CG]]bE@ Osoba prawna prawa wewn!trznego jako podmiot prawa mi!dzynarodowego. R10*&1)1@
?]
[183$5SM01*&$3'= f@ C0"#@E CG]]dE@ Encyklopedia prawa@ R10*&1)1= hc]@
??
Prawo mi!dzynarodowe publiczne C?b^?E@ R10*&1)1= ??G@
?G
l,018'&5<= R@= `1)3'<3= `@ CG]]dE@ Prawo mi!dzynarodowe publiczne w zarysie, )5#@ ??@ R10*&1)1_
R5#1)$3':)/ M01)$3'&" W"™3*A"™3*= ?GG@
?X
Prawo mi!dzynarodowe, )5#@ G &23"$3/$" 3 +/+01)3/$" C?bbbE@ J/06P_ M01'@ F6*&5'<3= ??j@
?j
\3"0&1$"<= Z@= `52/$3#"*= !@ CG]]hE@ Prawo mi!dzynarodowe publiczne, )5#@ ^ &23"$3/$"@ R10*&1)1_
R5#1)$3':)/ M01)$3'&" W"™3*A"™3*= ??d@
?h
[6&$31<= \@ CG]?GE@ Przestrze operacyjna prawa mi!dzynarodowego publicznego: perspektywa polska, R10*&1)1=
?^j@
G
P#
!!"#$%%&'()%*#
#+,-./+0"#/.1 2 301#0"4#105#4 !3.,-!+#6#789:;<#%# ==:<#$#$>?&#
9"*: +/#&31- 1:0576:,) +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01$"9 $1 :0&5 "8"2"$:5_ ius traktatuum C+01)/
&1)3"01$31 62,) 234#&5$10/#/)5'(Ek ius legationis C+01)/ 8".1'93 '&5$$"9 3 73"0$"9= '&583 +01)/
)5*5-1$31 3 +0&592/)1$31 +0&"#*:1)3'3"83 #5+8/21:5'&$5'(Ek ius standi C+01)/ )5*:4+/)1$31 &
0/*&'&"$3123 234#&5$10/#/)523 /01& +/$/*&"$31 /#+/)3"#&318$/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)"9E@
!@ `/&1P*<3 &1 1:0576:5 +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9= )*+,8$" #81 +1P*:) 3 /0.1$3&1'93
234#&5$10/#/)5'( C16:/0 *'"+:5'&$" $1*:1)3/$5 9"*: )/7"' 2/O83)/B'3 6&$1$31 9"#$/*:<3 +/#23/:"2
MUME= 6)1O1_ +01)/ #/ 6:0&525)1$31 *:/*6$<,) 234#&5$10/#/)5'(= &#/8$/BK #"83<:/)%= &#/8$/BK
+0/'"*/)%= 3226$3:": +/#23/:/)5 +/)3%&1$5 & &1*1#% par in parem non habet iurisdictionem= +01)/ #/
3*:$3"$31= #/ 0,)$/B'3 3 #/ '&'3= +01)/ #/ *12//70/$5= &#/8$/BK )5*:4+/)1$31 & 0/*&'&"$3123 +0&"'3)</
+1P*:)/2 3 /0.1$3&1'9/2 234#&5$10/#/)52= 1 :1<O" +/$/*&"$31 /#+/)3"#&318$/B'3 &1 *)" #&31-1$31?@
\@ U3"8$3<= +3*&%' / <05:"031'( +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9 C1 $3" 1:0576:1'(E= 6)1O1 O"
*% :01#5'59$" 3 $/)" <05:"031@ F/ :01#5'59$5'( 16:/0<1 &183'&1 $1*:4+69%'"_ <05:"0362 *6)"0"$$/B'3=
<05:"0362 :"05:/0318$"= <05:"0362 6&$1$31= <05:"0362 &#/8$/B'3 #/ :)/0&"$31 $/02 +01)1
234#&5$10/#/)"./= <05:"0362 &#/8$/B'3 +0/'"*/)"9G@
A/)523 <05:"03123 +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9 *%_ <05:"0362 3*:$3"$31= <05:"0362
"D"<:5)$/B'3 /01& <05:"0362 75'31 1#0"*1:"2 $/02 +01)$/234#&5$10/#/)5'(X@
R*&5*:<3" 1:0576:5 C<05:"031E +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9 )-1*'3)" *% :58</ +1P*:)/2=
3$$" +/#23/:5 219% :58</ '&"BK )*<1&1$5'( 1:0576:,)@ M0&5<-1#/)/= /0.1$3&1'9" 234#&5$10/#/)" $3"
219% :"05:/0362= 3'( *6)"0"$$/BK 9"*: /.01$3'&/$1 &./#$3" & )/8% +1P*:) &1-/O5'3"8*<3'(@ M/#23/:/)/BK
/0.1$3&1'93 L)5$3<1 & :01<:1:/)"./ +0&"<1&1$31 9"9 +0&"& +1P*:)1 /#$/B$5'( 1:0576:,)Qj@
M1P*:)1 in statu nascendi, '&583 $10/#5 )18'&%'" / $3"+/#8".-/BK= $3" 219% *6)"0"$$/B'3= $3" 219%
2/O83)/B'3 701$31 6#&31-6 ) <*&:1-:/)1$36 +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./= +01<:5'&$3" $3" 219% +01)1
&1)3"01$31 62,) 234#&5$10/#/)5'( /01& )5*5-1$31 3 +0&592/)1$31 +0&"#*:1)3'3"83 #5+8/21:5'&$5'(@
I1<0"* +/#23/:/)/B'3 +1P*:) in statu nascendi /.01$3'&/$5 9"*: #/ #&31-1P &23"0&19%'5'( #/ 6:)/0&"$31
)-1*$"./ +1P*:)1= '&583 #/ $175'31 +"-$"9 +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9@
F81:"./ 26*325 6*:183K 91<3" 1:0576:5 *% $3"&74#$" #81 6&$1$31 +")$"./ :)/06 +/#23/:"2 MUM@ F/
:1<3'( 1:0576:,) ) #/<:05$3" $19'&4B'3"9 $18"O% prawo do brania udzia>u w tworzeniu prawa
mi!dzynarodowego /01& zdolno"? procesowa C'&583 &#/8$/BK #/ '&5$$/B'3 +01)$5'( ) *:/*6$<1'(
234#&5$10/#/)5'(E@ !1< )*<1&69" U@ [/)18*<3= L$3" *+/*,7 /#$/*3K *34 #/ <05:"03,) +/#23/:/)/B'3
+01)$/234#&5$10/#/)"9 ) /#"0)1$36 /# &#/8$/B'3 #/ '&5$$/B'3 +01)$/234#&5$10/#/)5'( 3 B'3B8" & $3%
+/)3%&1$"9 </2+":"$'93 +01)/:),0'&"9Qh@
M01)/:),0'&" </2+":"$'9" 219% .-,)$3" +1P*:)1 /01& /0.1$3&1'9" 234#&5$10/#/)" ) &1<0"*3"
)5&$1'&/$52 32 +1P*:)123 ) :01<:1'3" &1-/O5'3"8*<32@ !"O"83 +0&59%K +/.8%# O" +/#23/:"2 2/O" 75K
:58</ :1<3 :),0= 91<3 21 &#/8$/BK #/ :)/0&"$31 $/02 +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./= :/ 2/O83)/BK +0&5&$1$31
9"#$/*:'" +/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9 9"*: )%:+83)1@ M/$3")1O :06#$/ #/+1:0&5K *34
</2+":"$'93 +01)/:),0'&"9 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 $1 +-1*&'&5š$3" 234#&5$10/#/)"9 C2/O$1 9"#5$3" #/+1:05)1K
*34 /#047$5'( "8"2"$:,) +01)/:),0'&/B'3 9"#$/*:"< +0&"& #/<:05$4 867 +0&"& /0&"'&"$31 *%#,)
234#&5$10/#/)5'( #/:5'&%'5'( 0/*&'&"P 9"#$/*:"<= '/ 9"*: 21-/ +01)#/+/#/7$"E@ !"#$1< ) :1<32
+0&5+1#<6 )%:+83)% 9"*: 3 +/#23/:/)/BK +1P*:) in statu nascendi= +01)/:),0'&" </2+":"$'9" <:,05'( *%
:1<O" +01<:5'&$3" /.01$3'&/$"@
!@ `/&1P*<3 6)1O1= O" /*/71 D3&5'&$1 ) +01)3" 234#&5$10/#/)52 9"*: :58</ +0&"#23/:"2 /'(0/$5 3
$3" 2/O" 75K 6&$1$1 &1 +/#23/: MUM@ a6:/0 )*<1&69"= O" L/*/71 D3&5'&$1 C9"#$/*:<1E $3" 9"*: ) *:1$3"
701K :),0'&"./= 1 )34' +/#23/:/)"./ 6#&31-6 ) :)/0&"$36 3 *:/*/)1$36 +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./@ A3"
:58</ $3" &1)3"01 /$1 62,) 234#&5$10/#/)5'(= 18" $3" +0&59269" 1$3 $3" )5*5-1 +0&"#*:1)3'3"8*:)
#5+8/21:5'&$5'(= 1 +/$1#:/ $3" </0&5*:1 & 234#&5$10/#/)"./ 3226$3:":6 9605*#5<'59$"./Q@ i/ #/
?
`/&1P*<3= !@ CG]]^E@ I$1'&"$3" 3*:/:$3"9*&5'( 1:0576:,) +/#23/:/)5'( #81 6*:18"$31 +/#23/:/)/B'3
234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9@ Roczniki Nauk Prawnych, Tom XVIII, numer 1, XX@
G
U3"8$3<= \@ CG]]^E@ Kszta>towanie si! pozapa stwowej podmiotowo"ci w prawie mi!dzynarodowym. R0/'-1)= GhdS
Gcb@
X
U3"8$3<= \@ CG]]^E@ Kszta>towanie si! pozapa stwowej podmiotowo"ci w prawie mi!dzynarodowym. R0/'-1)= Gd]S
Gdh@
j
`/&1P*<3= !@ CG]]^E@ I$1'&"$3" 3*:/:$3"9*&5'( 1:0576:,) +/#23/:/)5'( #81 6*:18"$31 +/#23/:/)/B'3
234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9@ Roczniki Nauk Prawnych, Tom XVIII, numer 1, hh@
h
[/)18*<3= U@ CG]?XE@ Prawo do samoobrony jako "rodek zwalczania terroryzmu mi!dzynarodowego. R10*&1)1_
F3D3$ `a=X^@
*
!!"#$%%&'()%*###+7-./!HL#/.1 2 3HL#0#/-M7"N#4 !H,-O#
&1*1#5 & :1<32 +/.8%#"2 16:/01 2/O$1 *34 &./#&3K@ !"#$1< #18"9 /$ +3*&"_ LA18"O1-/75 )34' 2/O" &1+5:1K
/ +/#*:1)/)" š0,#-1 3 1*+"<:5 *:1$/)3*<1 1D30269%'"./ +/#23/:/)/BK /*,7 D3&5'&$5'(@ !"./
:"8"/8/.3'&$52 6&1*1#$3"$3"2 9"*: /'(0/$1 +01) '&-/)3"<1= #81 0"183&1'93 <:,0"9 *:)/0&/$/ ) +01)3"
234#&5$10/#/)52 3$*:062"$:5= & <:,05'( 9"#$/*:<1 2/O" </0&5*:1K C+/#/7$" 9"*: ) +01)3"
(621$3:10$52= +01)3" B0/#/)3*<1= /'(0/$3" </$*62"$:1 3:#@E@ \01< :6 9"#$1< $/021:5)$5'( C187/
)5$3<19%'5'( & +01<:5<3 /70/:6 234#&5$10/#/)"./E #/)/#,)= O" & :1<3"./ 2/#"86 /'(0/$5 +01) )5$3<1
+/&5'91 +/#23/:/)1 9"#$/*:<3@ M/$1#:/ $18"O5 &16)1O5K= 3O 7"&+/B0"#$3/ & +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./
)5$3<1 0,)$3"O /'(0/$1 #,70 <68:605= B0/#/)3*<1 $1:6018$"./= </$*62"$:,)= #$1 2/0*<3"./= </*2/*6=
*:1:<,) 2/0*<3'(= 8/:$3'&5'( 3 </*23'&$5'(= +0&5 '&52 $3<: $3" #/+1:069" *34 ) :"9 *5:61'93 *:1:6*6
+/#23/:/)"./@ U/O$1 )34' )5*6$%K *:)3"0#&"$3"= O" +0&5 D"0/)1$36 :"&5 / +/#23/:/)/B'3
234#&5$10/#/)"9 9"#$/*:"< )5*6)19%'5 9% 16:/0&5 &1'3"019% nolens volens 0,O$3'" 234#&5 1*+"<:"2
+0&"#23/:/)52 3 +/#23/:/)52 0".681'93 +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./Q?@
!@ `/&1P*<3 $3" /#$/*3 *34 #/ #),'( )1O$5'( <)"*:33= #/:5'&%'5'( *:1:6*6 /*,7 D3&5'&$5'( ) +01)3"
234#&5$10/#/)52@ M3"0)*&1 <)"*:31= :/ 2/O83)/BK +/'3%.$34'31 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 #/ /#+/)3"#&318$/B'3
234#&5$10/#/)"9 &1 +/+"-$3"$3" $3"<:,05'( &70/#$3@ F06.1 #/:5'&5 2/O83)/B'3 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 #/
)5*:4+/)1$31 & 0/*&'&"$3123 +0&"'3)</ +1P*:)/2 +0&"# *%#123 234#&5$10/#/)523= '&"./ $3" 2/.%
&0/73K L#/701 <68:605= *:1:<3 2/0*<3" 3:#@Q@ F81:"./ $3"+/+01)$" 9"*: +/0,)$1$3" *:1:6*6 9"#$/*:<3 & )5O"9
)*<1&1$523 +0&"#23/:123@
H'&5)3*:"= O" +/#23/:/)/BK /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 ) MUM /#0,O$31 *34 /# +/#23/:/)/B'3 +1P*:)=
/0.1$3&1'93 234#&5$10/#/)5'( 867 3$$5'( +/#23/:,)= &1<0"* :"9 +/#23/:/)/B'3 9"*: 710#&/ /.01$3'&/$5@
J6:19 2/O"25 /#)/-1K *34 #/ /+3$33 #/01#'&"9 U34#&5$10/#/)"./ J0576$1-6 `+01)3"#83)/B'3= <:,05 )
:&)@ *+01)3" / /#*&</#/)1$3" & ?bjb 0@ /+/)3"#&31- *34 &1 0,O$/0/#$/B'3% +/#23/:,) +01)1
234#&5$10/#/)"./_ LR O1#$52 *5*:"23" +01)$52 +/#23/:5 +01)1 $3" 26*&% 75K 3#"$:5'&$" '/ #/ *)"9
$1:605= <:,01 ) #6O"9 23"0&" &18"O5 /# +/:0&"7 #1$"9 *+/-"'&$/B'3QG@ J1 /+3$31 /#$/*3-1 *34 +0&"#"
)*&5*:<32 #/ *:1:6*6 +01)$"./ /0.1$3&1'93 234#&5$10/#/)5'(= &)-1*&'&1 HAI= $3"2$3"9 9"#$1<
L6:/0/)1-1 #0/.4 :52 +/.8%#/2= <:,05'( 16:/0&5 ) *+/*,7 9"#$/&$1'&$5 #/+6*&'&183 )3"8/BK 3
0,O$/0/#$/BK +/#23/:,) +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./QX@
Z,O$/0/#$/BK +/#23/:,) $3" 9"*: '"'(% )-1B'3)% )5-%'&$3" +01)6 234#&5$10/#/)"26@ R +01)3"
)")$4:0&$52 +/*&'&".,8$5'( +1P*:) +/#23/:5 +01)1 :1<O" 219% 0,O$5 &1<0"* +/#23/:/)/B'3= 0,O$"
+01)1= /7/)3%&<3 /01& 2/O83)/B'3 3'( 0"183&1'93@ H*/71 D3&5'&$1 ) +01)3" )")$4:0&$52 ) +/0,)$1$36 &
+1P*:)"2 :"O 21 2$3"9*&5 &1<0"* +/#23/:/)/B'3 3 21 710#&/ /.01$3'&/$" 2/O83)/B'3 #/ 701$31 6#&31-6 )
:)/0&"$36 +01)1 T 9"#5$% :1<% 2/O83)/B'3% 9"*: 0"D"0"$#62@ a8" $3<: ) &)3%&<6 & :52 $3" 6)1O1 O" /*/71
D3&5'&$1 $3" 9"*: +/#23/:"2 +01)1 )")$4:0&$"./@
M/#23/:5 MUM ) &18"O$/B'3 /# 3'( +/#23/:/)/B'3 *% ) $16'" <81*5D3</)1$" $1 0,O$" .06+5@ R
&18"O$/B'3 /# &1<0"*6 &#/8$/B'3 #/ '&5$$/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$5'(= 2/O"25 )5/#047$3K pe>ne
+/#23/:5 +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./ C+1P*:)1E /01& cz!"ciowe 867 ograniczone +/#23/:5 C+/&/*:1-"E@
F81 /#$3"*3"$31 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 #/ .0/$1 +/#23/:,) MUM :0&"71 +0&"1$183&/)1K= '&5 $1
+-1*&'&5š$3" 234#&5$10/#/)"9 9"#$/*:<1 21 zdolno"? do czynno"ci mi!dzynarodowoprawnych 3 ) 91<32
&1<0"*3"@
0F9MK9IN) G=;FJBK?A9F9H9EA?HK?) 9A?J) JF9MK9IN) F9) <JBKK9I<=) G=;FJBK?A9F9H9EA?HKB<O)
:>FK9P@Q=L)
R +0&"*&-/B'3 9"#$/*:<1 $3" 21-1 O1#$5'( 6+01)$3"P ) *:/*6$<1'( 234#&5$10/#/)5'( 1 +1P*:)/ $1
+-1*&'&5š$3" 234#&5$10/#/)"9 $3" 21-/ )/7"' *)/3'( /75)1:"83 O1#$5'( /7/)3%&<,)@ J"$ +101#5.21:
75- &23"$3/$5 +/ &1</P'&"$36 G )/9$5 B)31:/)"9= <:,0"9 #/B)31#'&"$31 &23"$3-5 +/#"9B'3" #/ +01)1
234#&5$10/#/)"./ 3 0/83 +1P*:)1 ) $32@ M/)*:1-5 234#&5$10/#/)" *5*:"25= ) <:,05'( /*/71 D3&5'&$1
9"*: 7"&+/B0"#$32 1#0"*1:"2 $/02 3 21 *)/9" +01)1 3 /7/)3%&<3@ l-,)$523 :1<323 *5*:"2123 *%
234#&5$10/#/)5 *5*:"2 /'(0/$5 +01) '&-/)3"<1 /01& *5*:"2 /#+/)3"#&318$/B'3 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 &1
+/+"-$3/$" &70/#$3" +0&"# 234#&5$10/#/)523 :0576$1-123 <10$523@
?
`/&1P*<3= !@ CG]]^E@ `/&1P*<3= !@ CG]]^E@ I$1'&"$3" 3*:/:$3"9*&5'( 1:0576:,) +/#23/:/)5'( #81 6*:18"$31
+/#23/:/)/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9@ Roczniki Nauk Prawnych, Tom XVIII, numer 1, c]Sc?@
G
`+01)1 /#*&</#/)1P &1 *&</#5 +/$3"*3/$" ) *-6O73" A10/#,) I9"#$/'&/$5'(= H+3$31 F/01#'&1 UJ`6 &
??@]j@?bjb 0@= F101$/)*<3= M@ C0"#@E CG]??E@ Prawo Mi!dzynarodowe Publiczne. Wybór orzecznictwa@ R10*&1)1_
i@V@ \"'<= dh@
X
U3"8$3<= \@ CG]]^E@ Kszta>towanie si! pozapa stwowej podmiotowo"ci w prawie mi!dzynarodowym. R0/'-1)= ?j@
?>#
!!"#$%%&'()%*#
#+,-./+0"#/.1 2 301#0"4#105#4 !3.,-!+#6#789:;<#%# ==:<#$#$>?&#
`5*:"2 /'(0/$5 +01) '&-/)3"<1 21 G +/&3/25_ .8/718$5 3 0".3/$18$5@ A1 +/&3/23" .8/718$52
+01)1 '&-/)3"<1 *% .)101$:/)1$" )3"8/21 62/)123 234#&5$10/#/)523= +0&594:523 ) 0121'(
Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych@ l-,)$523 :1<323 :01<:1:123 *%_ M/)*&"'($1 F"<8101'91 M01)
i&-/)3"<1 C?bj^E= U34#&5$10/#/)5 M1<: M01) H75)1:"8*<3'( 3 M/83:5'&$5'( C?bccE /01&
U34#&5$10/#/)5 M1<: M01) l/*+/#10'&5'(= `+/-"'&$5'( 3 [68:6018$5'( C?bccE= [/$)"$'91 F/:5'&%'1
`:1:6*6 f'(/#š',) C?bh?E= [/$)"$'91 ) `+01)3" W3<)3#1'93 R*&"8<3'( g/02 F5*<0523$1'93 [/73":
C?bdbE= U34#&5$10/#/)1 [/$)"$'91 ) `+01)3" W3<)3#1'93 R*&"8<3'( g/02 F5*<0523$1'93 Z1*/)"9
C?bbcE 3 )3"86 3$$5'(@
i/ )1O$3"9*&"= $1 2/'5 $3"<:,05'( :01<:1:,) *:)/0&/$/ /0.1$5 234#&5$10/#/)" #/ <:,05'( /*/71
D3&5'&$1 2/O" &)01'1K *34 &" *<10.% / $106*&"$3" *)/3'( +01) :01<:1:/)5'(@ F/ :1<3'( /0.1$,) $18"O%_
?E Rada Praw Cz>owieka T ) #$36 ?^ '&"0)'1 G]]d 75-1 +0&594:1 0"&/86'91 h›? LY$*:3:6:3/$S\638#3$.
/D :(" f$3:"# A1:3/$* V621$ Z3.(:* i/6$'38Q= <:,01 6*:183-1 $/)5 2"'(1$3&2 )$/*&"$31 *<10. +0&"&
/*/75 D3&5'&$" '&59" +01)1 &/*:1-5 $106*&/$"?k
GE Komitet Praw Cz>owieka CV621$ Z3.(:* i/223::""E T 6:)/0&/$5 $1 2/'5 U34#&5$10/#/)"./
M1<:6 M01) H75)1:"8*<3'( 3 M/83:5'&$5'(@ [/2+":"$'9" [/23:":6 C+0&592/)1$3" 3 0/&+1:05)1$3"
&1)31#/23"P +/'(/#&%'5'( /# +/#8".-5'( 9"./ 9605*#5<'93 /*,7k /*/75 <:,0" )5'&"0+1-5 )*&5*:<3"
#/*:4+$" )")$%:0& <019/)" B0/#<3 &101#'&"= 2/.% &-/O5K [/23:":/)3 +3*"2$" &1)31#/23"$3" #/
0/&+1:0&"$31 3:+@E +0&")3#&31$/ ) +0/:/</8" D1<68:1:5)$52 & ?bcc 0@Gk
XE Komitet ds. Likwidacji Dyskryminacji Kobiet Ci/223::"" /$ :(" œ8323$1:3/$ /D F3*'0323$1:3/$
1.13$*: R/2"$E T 6:)/0&/$5 &./#$3" & [/$)"$'9% ) `+01)3" W3<)3#1'93 R*&"8<3'( g/02 F5*<0523$1'93
[/73": /01& 9"9 +0/:/</-"2 #/#1:</)52X C+0&59269" 3 0/&+1:069" &1)31#/23"$31 +0&"#*:1)31$" +0&"&
9"#$/*:<3= <:,0" +/#19% *34 &1 /D3105 $106*&"$31 +01) )523"$3/$5'( ) [/$)"$'93Ek
jE Komitet Przeciwko Torturom Ci/223::"" a.13$*: J/0:60"*E T &/*:1- 6:)/0&/$5 $1 +/#*:1)3"
10:5<6-6 ?d [/$)"$'93 ) `+01)3" I1<1&6 `:/*/)1$31 J/0:60 /01& Y$$"./ H<06:$"./= A3"86#&<3"./ 867
M/$3O19%'"./ J01<:/)1$31 187/ [101$31j@ F&31-18$/BK [/23:":6= 234#&5 3$$52= +/8".1 $1 0/&+1:05)1$36
*<10. 9"#$/*:"<k
hE Komitet ds. Likwidacji Dyskryminacji Rasowej Ci/223::"" /$ :(" œ8323$1:3/$ /D Z1'318
F3*'0323$1:3/$R) S) /0.1$ +/)/-1$5 +0&"& A10/#5 I9"#$/'&/$" ) '"86 $1#&/0/)1$31 0"183&1'93 +0&594:5'(
+0&"& +1P*:)1 &/7/)3%&1P )5$3<19%'5'( & [/$)"$'93 ) `+01)3" W3<)3#1'93 R*&"8<3'( g/02
F5*<0523$1'93 Z1*/)"9@ M/#/7$3" 91< 3 [/23:": M0&"'3)</ J/0:60/2= [/23:": #*@ W3<)3#1'93
F5*<0523$1'93 Z1*/)"9 2/O" 0/&+1:05)1K *<10.3 +0&"'3)</ +1P*:)/2= <:,0" 6&$183 9"./ </2+":"$'9"
C/7"'$3" h] +1P*:)Ehk
cE Komitet Praw Osób Niepe>nosprawnych Ci/223::"" /$ :(" Z3.(:* /D M"0*/$* )3:( F3*17383:3"*E T
6:)/0&/$5 &./#$3" & [/$)"$'9% M01) H*,7 A3"+"-$/*+01)$5'( CG]]cE@ A1 +/#*:1)3" 10:@ ? M0/:/</-6
g1<68:1:5)$"./ #/ [/$)"$'93 M01) H*,7 A3"+"-$/*+01)$5'(c [/23:": 21 +01)/ 0/&+1:05)1K *<10.3
/*,7 867 .06+ /*,7 <:,0" 6)1O19% O" 3'( +01)1 </$)"$'59$" &/*:1-5 $106*&/$" +0&"& +1P*:)/k
dE Komitet ds. wymuszonych zagini!? Ci/223::"" /$ œ$D/0'"# F3*1++"101$'"*E T +/)*:1- $1 2/'5
?
V621$ Z3.(:* i/6$'38 Z"*/86:3/$ h›?@ Y$*:3:6:3/$S\638#3$. /D :(" f$3:"# A1:3/$* V621$ Z3.(:* i/6$'38=
?^@]c@G]]d@ (::+_››1+@/('(0@/0.›#/'62"$:*›œ›VZi›0"*/86:3/$*›ažVZižZœ`žhž?@#/'Ÿ@
G
Protokó> Fakultatywny do Mi!dzynarodowego Paktu Praw Obywatelskich i Politycznych, uchwalony przez
Zgromadzenie Ogólne Narodów Zjednoczonych C) #$36 ?c .06#$31 ?bcc 0@E@
(::+_››)))@(D(0+/8@)1)@+8›+83<3›M0/:/</8žD1<68:1:5)$5ž#/žUMMH3M@+#DŸ@
X
Protokó> Dodatkowy do Konwencji w Sprawie Likwidacji Wszelkich Form Dyskryminacji Kobiet C+0&594:5 c@?]@?bbb
+0&"& I.0/21#&"$3" H.,8$" A10/#,) I9"#$/'&/$5'( 0"&/86'9% a›hj›jE@
(::+_››)))@(D(0+/8@)1)@+8›+83<3›M0/:/</8žF/#1:</)5ž#/ž[)`WRgF[@+#DŸ@
j
Konwencja w Sprawie Zakazu Stosowania Tortur oraz Innego Okrutnego, Nieludzkiego lub Poni@ajAcego
Traktowania albo Karania, przyj!ta przez Zgromadzenie Ogólne C#$31 ?] .06#$31 ?b^jE@
(::+_››)))@(D(0+/8@)1)@+8›+83<3›[/$)"$'91ž)ž`+01)3"žI1<1&6ž`:/*/)1$31žJ/0:60@+#DŸ@
h
Konwencja w Sprawie Likwidacji Wszelkich Form Dyskryminacji Rasowej C) #$36 d 210'1 ?bcc 0/<6E@
(::+_››)))@(D(0+/8@)1)@+8›+83<3›U3"#&5$10/#/)1ž[/$)"$'91ž)ž`+01)3"žW3<)/#1'93žR*&"8<3'(žg/02žF5*<0
523$1'93žZ1*/)"9@+#DŸ@
c
H+:3/$18 M0/:/'/8 :/ :(" i/$ "$:3/$ /$ :(" Z3.(:* /D M"0*/$* )3:( F3*17383:3"*@
(::+_››)))@/('(0@/0.›œA›VZ\/#3"*›iZMF›M1."*›H+:3/$18M0/:/'/8Z3.(:*M"0*/$*R3:(F3*17383:3"*@1*+™Ÿ@
??
!!"#$%%&'()%*###+7-./!HL#/.1 2 3HL#0#/-M7"N#4 !H,-O#
[/$)"$'93 ) `+01)3" H'(0/$5 R*&5*:<3'( H*,7 +0&"# R526*&/$52 I1.3$34'3"2 CG]]cE?@ H7"'$3" ?^
+1P*:) 6&$1-/ </2+":"$'9" [/23:":6 #/ 0/&+1:05)1$31 *<10.k
^E Komitet Praw Gospodarczych, Spo>ecznych i Kulturalnych Ci/223::"" /$ œ'/$/23'= `/'318 1$#
i68:6018 Z3.(:*E T +/)/-1$5 21 2/'5 U34#&5$10/#/)"./ M1<:6 M01) l/*+/#10'&5'(= `+/-"'&$5'( 3
[68:6018$5'( C?bccE@ U/O" 0/&+1:05)1K *<10.3 9"#$/*:"< 867 .06+ 9"#$/*:"< $1 +/#*:1)3" 10:@ G M0/:/</-6
g1<68:1:5)$"./ #/ U34#&5$10/#/)"./ M1<:6 M01) l/*+/#10'&5'(= `+/-"'&$5'( 3 [68:6018$5'(Gk
bE Komitet Praw Dziecka Ci/223::"" /$ :(" Z3.(:* /D :(" i(38#E T 2/O" 0/&+1:05)1K *<10.3 $1
+/#*:1)3" 10:@ ?G M0/:/</-6 g1<68:1:5)$"./ #/ [/$)"$'93 / M01)1'( F&3"'<1= F/:5'&%'"./ M0/'"#60
[/26$3<1'59$5'(X & ?b@?G@G]?? 0/<6k
?]E Komitet do Ochrony Praw Wszystkich Pracowników - Migrantów i Cz>onków ich Rodzin
Ci/223::"" /$ :(" M0/:"':3/$ /D :(" Z3.(:* /D a88 U3.01$: R/0<"0* 1$# U"27"0* /D :("30 g12383"*E@
U34#&5$10/#/)1 [/$)"$'91 / H'(0/$3" M01) R*&5*:<3'( M01'/)$3<,) S U3.01$:,) 3 i&-/$<,) Y'(
Z/#&3$ +0&")3#69" 2/O83)/BK *<-1#1$31 *<10. 3$#5)3#618$5'( #/ [/23:":6= $1 +/#*:1)3" 10:@ dd
[/$)"$'93j@
A1 +/&3/23" 0".3/$18$52 /*/71 D3&5'&$1 :"O= ) $3"<:,05'( +0&5+1#<1'( 2/O" )5*:4+/)1K 91<
+/),# +0&"'3)</ +1P*:)/2@ J1<3" 2/O83)/B'3 +0&")3#&31$" ) </$)"$'91'( 0".3/$18$5'( $1 2/'5
<:,05'( *:)/0&/$/ *+"'9183&/)1$" :0576$1-5 /01& </23*9"_
?E Europejski Trybuna> Praw Cz>owieka Cœ60/+"1$ i/60: /D V621$ Z3.(:*E T /0.1$ *%#/)5
*:)/0&/$5 $1 2/'5 [/$)"$'93 / H'(0/$3" M01) i&-/)3"<1 3 M/#*:1)/)5'( R/8$/B'3 C?bh]Eh@ H7"'$3" jd
+1P*:) "60/+"9*<3'( 6&$19% </2+":"$'9" J0576$1-6 #/ 0/&+1:05)1$31 *<10. 3$#5)3#618$5'(@ l-47/</
0/&)3$34:1 +01<:5<1 J0576$1-6 9"*: )&/0'"2 91< #81 +1P*:) '&-/$</)*<3'(= :1< 3 #81 3$$5'( *5*:"2,)
/'(0/$5 +01) '&-/)3"<1k
GE Mi!dzyameryka ska Komisja Praw Cz>owieka CY$:"0Sa2"03'1$ i/223**3/$ /$ V621$ Z3.(:*E
/01& Mi!dzyameryka ski Trybuna> Praw Cz>owieka CY$:"0Sa2"03'1$ i/60: /$ V621$ Z3.(:*E T +/)/-1$"
$1 2/'5 a2"05<1P*<3"9 [/$)"$'93 M01) i&-/)3"<1 C?bcbE@ I./#$3" & 10:@ jj [/$)"$'93 L<1O#1 /*/71
867 .06+1 /*,7= 187/ <1O#1 $3"0&%#/)1 9"#$/*:<1 2/O" )$/*3K +":5'9" #/ [/23*93 & &10&6:"2 $106*&"$31
[/$)"$'93 +0&"& +1P*:)/S*:0/$4Qc@ A1*:4+$3" [/23*91 0/&+1:069" *<10.4= 18" 9"*: 2/O83)/BK /#)/-1$31 *34
#/ J0576$1-6 /# 9"9 #"'5&93 C10:@ c?E@ !605*#5<'91 J0576$1-6 $3" 9"*: /7/)3%&</)1= #81:"./ +1P*:)1 26*&%
6&$1K 9"./ </2+":"$'9" #/ 0/&+1:05)1$31 *+01) C/7"'$3" :1< 6'&5$3-/ Gj +1P*:)1Ek
XE Afryka ska Komisja Praw Cz>owieka i Ludów CaD03'1$ i/223**3/$ /$ V621$ 1$# M"/+8"”*
Z3.(:*E /01& Afryka ski Trybuna> Praw Cz>owieka i Ludów CaD03'1$ i/60: /$ V621$ 1$# M"/+8"”* Z3.(:*E
T +/)*:1-5 $1 2/'" aD05<1P*<3"9 [10:5 M01) i&-/)3"<1 3 W6#,) C?b^?E /01& M0/:/</-6 #/ aD05<1P*<3"9
[10:5 M01) i&-/)3"<1 3 W6#,) C?bb^E@ H*/71 D3&5'&$1 21 /.01$3'&/$" &#/8$/B'3 #/ '&5$$/B'3 +01)$5'(
+0&"# [/23*9% /01& J0576$1-"2@ !"#$/*:<1 2/O" +/#1)1K *<10.4 / $106*&"$31'( *)/3'( +01)= <:,0" 219%
'(101<:"0 +/)*&"'($5= 21*/)5 C10:@ hh= h^ [/$)"$'93Ed@ M0&"# J0576$1-"2 0/*&'&"$31 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9
2/.% 75K +0&"#*:1)3/$" +0&"& +1P*:)/S*:0/$4 M0/:/</-6 C10:@ h M0/:/</-6E 867 7"&+/B0"#$3/= 9"O"83
+1P*:)/ &1#"<810/)1-/ &"&)/8"$3" $1 :1<3" #&31-1$3" C10:@ Xj M0/:/</-6E^@
?
Konwencja w Sprawie Ochrony Wszystkich Osób przed Wymuszonym Zagini!ciem C) #$36 ?G .06#$31 G]]c 0/<6E@
(::+_››73+@2*@./ @+8›F1:1›g38"*›ž+6783'›73+›+01)1ž'&8/)3"<1›/$&›</$)"$'91S)S*+01)3"S/'(0/$5S)*&5*:<3'(S
/*/7S+0&"#S)526*&/$52S&1.3$3"'3"2S+0&59":"9S)S#$36SG]S.06#$31SG]]cS0ž@+#DŸ@
G
Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights C1#/+:"# ?]@?G@G]]^E@
(::+_››)))@/('(0@/0.›œA›M0/D"**3/$18Y$:"0"*:›M1."*›HMiœ`iZ@1*+™Ÿ@
X
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure C1#/+:"#
?b@?G@G]??E@ (::+*_››:0"1:3"*@6$@/0.›#/'›*/60'"›*3.$1:60"›G]?G›iJižjS??#@+#DŸ@
j
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
Ca#/+:"# 75 l"$"018 a**"2785 0"*/86:3/$ jh›?h^ /D ?^ F"'"27"0 ?bb]E@
(::+_››)))@/('(0@/0.›œA›M0/D"**3/$18Y$:"0"*:›M1."*›iUR@1*+™
h
Konwencja o Ochronie Praw Cz>owieka i Podstawowych Wolno"ci C*+/0&%#&/$1 ) Z&523" #$31 j 83*:/+1#1 ?bh] 0@E@
(::+_››)))@73+@2*@./ @+8›F1:1›g38"*›ž+6783'›73+›+01)1ž'&8/)3"<1›":*ž]]c@+#DŸ@
c
American Convention on Human Rights CM1': /D `1$ !/*¡= GG@??@?bcbE@ (::+_››)))@/1*@/0.›#38›:0"1:3"*ž\S
XGža2"03'1$ži/$ "$:3/$ž/$žV621$žZ3.(:*@+#DŸ@
d
African Charter on Human and People’s Rights C1#/+:"# Gd !6$" ?b^?E@ (::+_››)))@1D03'1$S
'/60:@/0.›"$›321."*›#/'62"$:*›`/60'"*¢G]/D¢G]W1)›\1$968¢G]i(10:1›'(10:"1$.@+#DŸ@
^
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights on the Establishment of an African Court on Human
and People’s Rights C1#/+:"# ?] !6$" ?bb^E@ (::+_››)))@1D03'1$S
'/60:@/0.›"$›321."*›#/'62"$:*›i/60:›i/60:¢G]œ*:1783*(2"$:›1D03'1$'/60:S(621$03.(:*@+#DŸ@
?$#
!!"#$%%&'()%*#
#+,-./+0"#/.1 2 301#0"4#105#4 !3.,-!+#6#789:;<#%# ==:<#$#$>?&#
H+0,'& 234#&5$10/#/)"./ *5*:"26 /'(0/$5 +01) '&-/)3"<1= / &#/8$/B'3 #/ '&5$$/B'3
234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$5'( B)31#'&5 :1<O" *5*:"2 /#+/)3"#&318$/B'3 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 &1 +/+"-$3/$"
&70/#$3" +0&"# 234#&5$10/#/)523 :0576$1-123 <10$523@ M/ 01& +3"0)*&5 /*/71 D3&5'&$1 &/*:1-1
+0&5'3%.$34:1 #/ /#+/)3"#&318$/B'3 234#&5$10/#/)"9 &1 #/</$1$" &70/#$3 +/ &1</P'&"$36 G )/9$5
B)31:/)"9@ \@ U3"8$3< )*<1&69"= O" L+/#94:/ #&31-1$31 ) #),'( +-1*&'&5&$1'(@ M")$% .06+4 '&5$,)
&1<)183D3</)1$/ 91</ +0&"*:4+*:)1 234#&5$10/#/)"@ `% /$" B'3.1$" $1 '1-52 B)3"'3"= 1 /*/71= <:,01 9"
+/+"-$3-1= /#+/)31#1 +0&"# *%#"2 <0196= +0&"'3)</ <:,0"26 #/+6B'3-1 *34 :1<3'( #&31-1P 867 ) 23"9*'6
&1:0&521$31@ F06.3 )52310 /#+/)3"#&318$/B'3 /*/75 D3&5'&$"9 9"*: 7"&+/B0"#$3/ &)3%&1$5 & +/)*:1$3"2 3
D6$<'9/$/)1$3"2 234#&5$10/#/)5'( :0576$1-,) <10$5'(Q?@
H7"'$3" 3*:$3"9" <38<6 :1<3'( :0576$1-,)_
?E J0576$1-5 ad hoc_ U34#&5$10/#/)5 J0576$1- #81 75-"9 !6./*-1)33k U34#&5$10/#/)5 J0576$1#81 Z)1$#5k
GE U3"*&1$" J0576$1-5 C23"*&1$5 *<-1# *4#&3,) T '&4B'3/)/ & <0196 ) <:,052 +/+"-$3/$/ &70/#$34=
'&4B'3/)/ & 3$$5'( +1P*:)E_ A1#&)5'&19$" Y&75 `%#,) [127/#O5k `+"'918$5 J0576$1- #81 W371$6k
`+"'918$5 J0576$1- #81 `3"001 W"/$"k
XE U34#&5$10/#/)5 J0576$1- [10$5 T *:1-5 /0.1$ *%#/)$3':)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./= <:,0" +/)*:1$1 +/#*:1)3" Z&52*<3"./ `:1:6:6 U34#&5$10/#/)"./ J0576$1-6 [10$"./ C?bb^E@ F/ </2+":"$'93
J0576$1-6 $18"O5 *%#&"$3" )5-%'&$3" /*,7 D3&5'&$5'( &1 +/+"-$3"$3" $1*:4+69%'5'( &70/#$3_ 86#/7,9*:)/=
&70/#$3" +0&"'3)</ 86#&</B'3= &70/#$3" )/9"$$" /01& 1.0"*91 C10:@ h `:1:6:6EG@
*9FPDG9H?K=>L)
R G +/-/)3" NN )3"<6 +01)/ 234#&5$10/#/)" &1'&4-/ *34 &23"$31K 3 )'3%O *34 &23"$31@ !1<
:)3"0#&3 [@ W1$</*&_ LM01)/ 234#&5$10/#/)" ) <81*5'&$"9 D/0268" .-,)$3" +01)1 234#&5$10/#/)"./
/+10:"./ 2@3$@ $1 D6$#12"$:18$"9 &1*1#&3" *6)"0"$$"9 0,)$/B'3 +1P*:)= )5#19" *34 '/01& 710#&3"9
/#73".1K /# 0"183,) )*+,-'&"*$5'( *:/*6$<,) 234#&5$10/#/)5'(= ) <:,05'( 0/81 +1P*:) 218"9"@@@QX@
i/01& )34<*&% 0/84 &1'&5$19% /#.05)1K /0.1$3&1'9" 234#&5$10/#/)"= </0+/01'9" 234#&5$10/#/)" /01&
3$$" 1<:/0&5 $3"+1P*:)/)3@ H*/71 D3&5'&$1 :"O /:0&5269" '/01& )34'"9 6+01)$3"P $1 +-1*&'&5š$3"
234#&5$10/#/)"9@ A3"&18"O$" /# #/<:05$18$5'( +/.8%#,)= 9"#$/*:<1 96O :"01& ) $3"<:,05'( *:/*6$<1'(
234#&5$10/#/)5'( 21 /.01$3'&/$% +/#23/:/)/BK@ M0&"#" )*&5*:<32 #/ :"./ /#$/*3 *34 2/O83)/BK
)5*:4+/)1$31 & 0/*&'&"$3123 +0&"'3)</ +1P*:)/2= )$/*&"$31 *<10.3 ) /0.1$5 234#&5$10/#/)" $1
#&31-1$31 7%#š &1$3"'(1$31 +1P*:)1= 1 :1<O" +/$/*&"$3" /#+/)3"#&318$/B'3 &1 +/+"-$3"$3" $3"<:,05'(
&70/#$3@ U/O"25 2,)3K O" /*/71 D3&5'&$1 21 1:0576: ius standi= '&583 21 &#/8$/BK #/ '&5$$/B'3
234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$5'(@
F81:"./ :06#$/ *34 &./#&3K & +/.8%#123 6'&/$5'(= <:,0&5 6)1O19% O" /*/71 D3&5'&$1 ) +01)3"
234#&5$10/#/)52 )5*:4+69" 9"#5$3" 91</ +0&"#23/: /'(0/$5@ U/O$1 *34 *+/#&3")1K= O" ) +0&5*&-/B'3
9"#$/*:<1 74#&3" 231-1 9"*&'&" )34'"9 6+01)$3"P $1 +-1*&'&5š$3" 234#&5$10/#/)"9= +0&"#" )*&5*:<32 )
&1<0"*3" /'(0/$5 *)/3'( +01)@ Y '(/'31O /'&5)3*:52 )5#19" *34 D1<:= O" +"-$"9 +/#23/:/)/B'3 /*/71
D3&5'&$1 ) +01)3" 234#&5$10/#/)52 $3.#5 $3" /*3%.$3"= :/ 9"#$1< $3" 2/O"25 3.$/0/)1K 3*:$3"9%'"
0"81'9" 3 ) /.,8" $3" #/*:0&".1K 0/83 9"#$/*:<3 ) +01)3" 234#&5$10/#/)52@
->T>A>K<>P)
?@ aD03'1$ i(10:"0 /$ V621$ 1$# M"/+8"”* Z3.(:* C1#/+:"# Gd@]c@?b^?E@ (::+_››)))@1D03'1$S
'/60:@/0.›"$›321."*›#/'62"$:*›`/60'"*¢G]/D¢G]W1)›\1$968 ¢G]i(10:1›'(10:"1$.@+#DŸ@
G@ a2"03'1$ i/$ "$:3/$ /$ V621$ Z3.(:* CM1': /D `1$ !/*¡= GG@??@?bcbE@ (::+_››)))@/1*@/0.›#38›:0"1:3"*ž\S
XGža2"03'1$ži/$ "$:3/$ž/$žV621$ž Z3.(:*@+#DŸ@
X@ \3"0&1$"<= Z@= `52/$3#"*= !@ CG]]hE@ Prawo mi!dzynarodowe publiczne, )5#@ ^ &23"$3/$"@ R10*&1)1_
R5#1)$3':)/ M01)$3'&" W"™3*A"™3*@
j@ [183$5SM01*&$3'= f@ C0"#@E CG]]dE@ Encyklopedia prawa= R10*&1)1@
h@ l,018'&5<= R@= `1)3'<3= `@ CG]]dE@ Prawo mi!dzynarodowe publiczne w zarysie, )5#@ ??@ R10*&1)1_
R5#1)$3':)/ M01)$3'&" W"™3*A"™3*@
?
U3"8$3<= \@ CG]]^E@ Kszta>towanie si! pozapa stwowej podmiotowo"ci w prawie mi!dzynarodowym. R0/'-1)= ?hX@
Z/2" `:1:6:" /D :(" Y$:"0$1:3/$18 i0323$18 i/60: C1#/+:"# 1: Z/2" /$ ?d !685 ?bb^E@ (::+_››)))@3''S
'+3@3$:›AZ›0#/$850"*›aFF?c^hGSaœœbSjdhdSa\œdSbiFidig]G^^c›G^Xh]X›Z/2"`:1:6:œ$.?@+#DŸ@
X
W1$</*&= [@ CG]?XE@ œ<*+8/01'91 3 "<*+8/1:1'91 [/*2/*6@ i&5 ("8362 X &23"$3 *:1:6* +01)$5 +0&"*:0&"$3
</*23'&$"9£ ¤)_¥ U3</*S`<6&1= œ@= U5*&/$1S[/*:0&")1= [@= M/'&/76:= !@ C0"#E Prawo mi!dzynarodowe –
teraBniejszo"?, perspektywy, dylematy. Ksi!ga Jubileuszowa Profesora Zdzis>awa Galickiego@ R10*&1)1= Xdh@
G
?%
!!"#$%%&'()%*###+7-./!HL#/.1 2 3HL#0#/-M7"N#4 !H,-O#
c@ Human Rights Council Resolution 5/1. Institution-Building of the United Nations Human Rights Council=
?^@]c@G]]d@ (::+_››1+@/('(0@/0.›#/'62"$:*›œ›VZi› 0"*/86:3/$*›ažVZižZœ`žhž?@#/'Ÿ@
d@ International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families,
l"$"018 a**"2785 0"*/86:3/$ $0 jh›?h^= ?^@?G@?bb]@
(::+_››)))@/('(0@/0.›œA›M0/D"**3/$18Y$:"0"*:›M1."*›iUR@1*+™Ÿ@
^@ [10*<3= [@ CG]]bE@ Osoba prawna prawa wewn!trznego jako podmiot prawa mi!dzynarodowego. R10*&1)1@
b@ Konwencja o Ochronie Praw Cz>owieka i Podstawowych Wolno"ci Cj@??@?bh]E@
(::+_››)))@73+@2*@./ @+8›F1:1›g38"*›ž+6783'›73+›+01)1ž'&8/)3"<1›":*ž]]c@+#DŸ@
?]@ Konwencja w Sprawie Ochrony Wszystkich Osób przed Wymuszonym Zagini!ciem C?G@?G@G]]cE@
(::+_››73+@2*@./ @+8›F1:1›g38"*›ž+6783'›73+›+01)1ž '&8/)3"<1›/$&›</$)"$'91S)S*+01)3"S/'(0/$5S)*&5*:<3'(S/*/7S
+0&"#S)526*&/$52S&1.3$3"'3"2S+0&59":"9S)S#$36SG]S.06#$31SG]]cS0ž@+#DŸ@
??@ Konwencja w Sprawie Likwidacji Wszelkich Form Dyskryminacji Rasowej Cd@]X@?bccE@
(::+_››)))@(D(0+/8@)1)@+8›+83<3›U3"#&5$10/#/)1ž[/$)"$'91)ž
`+01)3"žW3<)/#1'93žR*&"8<3'(žg/02žF5*<0523$1'93žZ1*/)"9@+#DŸ@
?G@ Konwencja w Sprawie Zakazu Stosowania Tortur oraz Innego Okrutnego, Nieludzkiego lub Poni@ajAcego
Traktowania albo Karania C?]@?G@?b^jE@
(D(0+/8@)1)@+8›+83<3›[/$)"$'91ž)ž`+01)3"žI1<1&6ž`:/*/)1$31žJ/0:60@+#DŸ@
?X@ [/)18*<3= U@ CG]?XE@ Prawo do samoobrony jako "rodek zwalczania terroryzmu mi!dzynarodowego, R10*&1)1_
F3D3$ `a@
?j@ [6&$31<= \@ CG]?GE@ Przestrze operacyjna prawa mi!dzynarodowego publicznego: perspektywa polska,
R10*&1)1@
?h@ W1$</*&= [@ CG]?XE@ œ<*+8/01'91 3 "<*+8/1:1'91 [/*2/*6@ i&5 ("8362 X &23"$3 *:1:6* +01)$5 +0&"*:0&"$3
</*23'&$"9£ ¤)_¥ U3</*S`<6&1= œ@= U5*&/$1S[/*:0&")1= [@= M/'&/76:= !@ C0"#@E Prawo mi!dzynarodowe –
teraBniejszo"?, perspektywy, dylematy. Ksi!ga Jubileuszowa Profesora Zdzis>awa Galickiego. R10*&1)1@
?c@ W16:"0+1'(:= V@ C?bh]E@ International Law and Human Rights. W/$#/$@
?d@ U3"8$3<= \@ CG]]^E@ Kszta>towanie si! pozapa stwowej podmiotowo"ci w prawie mi!dzynarodowym. R0/'-1)@
?^@ H+:3/$18 M0/:/'/8 :/ :(" i/$ "$:3/$ /$ :(" Z3.(:* /D M"0*/$* )3:( F3*17383:3"*@
V::+_››)))@/('(0@/0.›œA›VZ\/#3"*›iZMF›M1."*›H+:3/$18M0/:/'/8Z3.(:*M"0*/$*R3:(F3*17383:3"*@1*+™Ÿ@
?b@ Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure C?b@?G@G]??E@
(::+*_››:0"1:3"*@6$@/0.›#/'›*/60'"›*3.$1:60"› G]?G›iJižjS??#@+#D@
G]@ Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights C?]@?G@G]]^E@
(::+_››)))@/('(0@/0.›œA›M0/D"**3/$18Y$:"0"*:› M1."*›HMiœ`iZ@1*+™@
G?@ Prawo mi!dzynarodowe publiczne C?b^?E@ R10*&1)1@
GG@ Prawo mi!dzynarodowe. R5#@ G &23"$3/$" 3 +/+01)3/$" C?bbbE@ J/06P_ M01'@ F6*&5'<3@
GX@ Protocol to the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights on the Establishment of an African Court on
Human and People’s Rights C1#/+:"# ?] !6$" ?bb^E@ (::+_››)))@1D03'1$S
'/60:@/0.›"$›321."*›#/'62"$:*›i/60:›i/60:¢G]œ*:1783*( 2"$:›1D03'1$'/60:S(621$03.(:*@+#DŸ@
Gj@ Protokó> Dodatkowy do Konwencji w Sprawie Likwidacji Wszelkich Form Dyskryminacji Kobiet C+0&594:5
c@?]@?bbb +0&"& I.0/21#&"$3" H.,8$" A10/#,) I9"#$/'&/$5'( 0"&/86'9% a›hj›jE@
(::+_››)))@(D(0+/8@)1)@+8›+83<3›M0/:/</8 žF/#1:</)5ž#/ž[)`WRgF[@+#DŸ@
Gh@ M0/:/<,- g1<68:1:5)$5 #/ U34#&5$10/#/)"./ M1<:6 M01) H75)1:"8*<3'( 3 M/83:5'&$5'( C?c@?G@?bccE@
(::+_››)))@(D(0+/8@)1)@+8›+83<3›M0/:/</8žD1<68:1:5)$5ž #/žUMMH3M@+#DŸ@
Gc@ Statute of the International Criminal Court C?d@]d@?bb^E@ 3''S'+3@3$:›AZ›0#/$850 "*›aFF?c^hGSaœœbSjdhdS
a\œdSbiFidig]G^^c›G^Xh]X›Z/2"`:1:6:œ$.?@+#DŸ@
Gd@ `/&1P*<3= !@ CG]]^E@ I$1'&"$3" 3*:/:$3"9*&5'( 1:0576:,) +/#23/:/)5'( #81 6*:18"$31 +/#23/:/)/B'3
234#&5$10/#/)/+01)$"9@ Roczniki Nauk Prawnych, Tom XVIII, numer 1.
G^@ `+01)1 /#*&</#/)1P &1 *&</#5 +/$3"*3/$" ) *-6O73" A10/#,) I9"#$/'&/$5'(= H+3$31 F/01#'&1 UJ`6 &
??@]j@?bjb 0@= F101$/)*<3= M@ C0"#@E CG]??E@ Prawo Mi!dzynarodowe Publiczne. Wybór orzecznictwa@ R10*&1)1_ i@V@
\"'<@
Gb@ \6:<" 5'(= ¦@ CG]?]E@ V"$"&1 #/<:05$5 23&($10/#$/3 +01 /*67”3"<:$/*:3 3$#5 3#1@ Pravo Ukrainy, 2@
X]@ œ ("$" = ¦@¦@ C?bcGE@ Subiektu mezhdunarodnoho prava@ U/*< 1@
X?@ I1<(10/ 1= A@¦@ C?b^bE@ §$#5 5# T *67"<: 2"&(#6$10/#$/(/ +01 1@ Sovetskoe hosudarstvo y pravo, 11@
32. §($1:"$</= V@¦@ C?b^hE@ U"&(#6$10/#$/" 5 */ ":*</" +01 /_ M0/78"26 &152/#"3*: 531 +01 / 6<( *5*:"2@
Sovetskoe hosudarstvo y pravo, 1.
33. [/ 8"0= a@ CG]?GE@ Y$#5 3# 51< *67”3"<: 23&($10/#$/(/ +01 1 C+/ "0$"$$31 #/ #5*<6*33E@ Mizhnarodne pravo, 1.
Xj@ [/&("60/ = Y1@ CG]]?E@ Problemu mezhdunarodnoi pravosubektnosty yndyvyda@ U/*< 1@
Xh@ [068/ = `@\@ C?bh?E@ Poniatye subekta mezhdunarodnoho prava, Mezhdunarodnoe pravo@ U/*< 1@
?)#