114 Obminski.qxp - Medycyna Sportowa
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114 Obminski.qxp - Medycyna Sportowa
Medycyna Sportowa © MEDSPORTPRESS, 2008; 3(6); Vol. 24, 171-176 1 Zak³ad Endokrynologii, Instytut Sportu, Warszawa Zak³ad Fizjologii, Instytut Sportu, Warszawa 1 Department of Physiology, Institute of Sport, Warsaw 2 Department of Physiology, Institute of Sport, Warsaw tio np roh ibit 2 STʯENIA MLECZANU WE KRWI PO WALKACH JUDO U ZAWODNIKÓW I ZAWODNICZEK. RÓZNICE MIÊDZY P£CIAMI Author’s Contribution A – Study Design B – Data Collection C – Statistical Analysis D – Data Interpretation E – Manuscript Preparation F – Literature Search G – Funds Collection S³owa kluczowe: judo, mleczan, zawody, p³eæ Key words: judo, lactate, competition, gender ibu CAPILLARY BLOOD LACTATE LEVELS AFTER JUDO MATCHES IN MALE AND FEMALE COMPETITORS. GENDER RELATED DIFFERENCES -d istr Streszczenie al us This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - eo nly Wstêp. Stê¿enie mleczanu we krwi (LA) uwa¿a siê za wskaŸnik intensywnoœci wysi³ku i szybkoœci glikolizy w miêœniach. Nasze badania podjêliœmy w celu okreœlenia zakresu stê¿eñ mleczanu po oficjalnej walce judo w odniesieniu od p³ci i czasu trwania wysi³ku. Materia³ i metody. Ca³e badanie przeprowadzono w okresie 1995-2007 wœród sportowców bior¹cych udzia³ w jednodniowych Warszawskich Turniejach Judo. W badaniach tych brali udzia³. najlepsi polscy sportowcy obu p³ci, z wy³¹czeniem zawodników wagi ciê¿kiej. Wiêkszoœæ z nich by³a badana wielokrotnie we wspomnianym okresie. Od sportowców pobierano przed walkami (-5 min.) i po walkach (+3 min) krew kapilarn¹ z p³atka ucha. Po ka¿dej pierwszej walce turnieju pobrano te¿ krew w 30 minucie powysi³kowej odnowy. Ca³kowita liczba obserwacji (walki x osoby) wynosi³a 135 i 121 odpowiednio w grupie mê¿czyzn i kobiet. Wyniki. U mê¿czyzn odnotowano wy¿szy 26% (p<0.001) œredni powysi³kowy LA ni¿ u kobiet. W obu grupach ³¹cznie powysi³kowy LA korelowa³ dodatnio (p<0.001, r=0722) z czasem trwania pierwszej walki. W kolejnych walkach znacz¹c¹ (p<0.001) korelacjê odnotowano pomiêdzy czasem trwania wysi³ku a powysi³kowym LA (r=0.549) i miêdzy przed i po wysi³kowym LA (r=0.408). Wnioski. Wyniki naszych badañ ujawni³y wp³yw czasu trwania walki judo na powysi³kowy LA, zale¿n¹ od p³ci ró¿nicê miêdzy powysi³kowym LA, oraz nagromadzenie we krwi LA przed walkami fina³owych. Summary 4011 1 0 16 op Word count: Tables: Figures: References: y is - for pe rs on Background. Blood lactate level (LA) is considered a marker of exercise intensity and muscle glycolysis. Our study was undertaken to determine blood lactate levels following official judo matches in relation to exertion duration and competitors' gender. Material and methods. The whole study was carried out over the period of 19952007, among athletes taking part in one-day Warsaw Judo Tournaments. Polish elite male and female judo players, except heavy weight category athletes, took part in the study. Most of them were examined several times within the above mentioned period. The subjects had their capillary blood sampled from the earlobe -5 min prior to the matches (-5min) and following the matches (+ 3min). After every first match of the tournament, blood was also sampled within a 30-minute recovery period. The overall number of observations (matches x subjects) among males and females was 135 and 127 respectively. Results. The males demonstrated a higher 26% (p<0.001) post-exertion mean blood lactate level compared to the females. Both for the males and females, the post-exercise LA values correlated significantly (p<0.001, r=0.722) with the duration of the first match. For successive matches, significant correlations (p<0.001) were found between the duration of match and postexercise LA values (r=0.549), as well as between the prematch and postmatch LA values (r=0.408). Conclusions. The results of our study showed the effect of match duration on postmatch LA values, gender-related difference in postmatch values of blood LA concentration prior to the final matches. Th is c Adres do korespondencji / Address for correspondence dr Zbigniew Obmiñski Zak³ad Endokrynologii, Instytut Sportu 01-982 Warszawa, ul. Trylogii 2/16, tel./fax: (0-22) 834-95-07, e-mail: [email protected] Otrzymano / Received Zaakceptowano / Accepted 12.11.2007 r. 25.02.2008 r. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. ed . Zbigniew Obmiñski1(A,C,D,E,F), Lech Borkowski2(A,B,D), Janina Starczewska-Czapowska2(A,B,D) Zaanga¿owanie Autorów A – Przygotowanie projektu badawczego B – Zbieranie danych C – Analiza statystyczna D – Interpretacja danych E – Przygotowanie manuskryptu F – Opracowanie piœmiennictwa G – Pozyskanie funduszy This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - ARTYKU£ ORYGINALNY / ORIGINAL ARTICLE 171 Background W ci¹gu ostatniej dekady badano fizjologiczne reakcje na wysi³ki wykonywane przez zawodników sportów walki w czasie zawodów. Uwaga badaczy skupi³a siê na judo i zapasach, dwóch dyscyplinach sportu, które w przeciwieñstwie do boksu czy taekwondo anga¿uj¹ miêœnie koñczyn dolnych, górnych i tu³owia do wykonywania maksymalnych, beztlenowych wysi³ków w ci¹gu kilku minut. Stê¿enia mleczanu we krwi (LA) by³y czêsto badane w trakcie zawodów, poniewa¿ parametr ten ma wartoœæ diagnostyczn¹ przy ocenie udzia³u anaerobowych procesów uwalniania energii pochodz¹cej z glikolizy. Badania w zapasach (styl klasyczny) ujawni³y, ¿e w czasie zawodów wysokiej rangi na typow¹ walkê przypada³y okresy braku fizycznej aktywnoœci (o ca³kowitym czasie trwania 110 s), a ³¹czny czas fizycznej aktywnoœci wynosi³ 317vs. Poniewa¿ ca³kowity czas walk jest zró¿nicowany, wiêc powysi³kowe LA s¹ równie¿ ró¿ne. Ich wartoœæ waha siê od 6.9 do 20.6 mmol/L [1]. Wprawdzie typ wysi³ków obu stylów w zapasach (klasyczny i wolny) jest prawie ten sam, ale nieco wy¿szy œredni LA pod koniec wysi³ku odnotowano w zapasach w stylu klasycznym (14.8) ni¿ w stylu wolnym (12.5 mmol/L) [1,2]. W przeciwieñstwie do tego, piêæ zapaœniczych walk, ka¿da o nieprzerwanym 5-minutowym wysi³ku, spowodowa³o znacznie wy¿sze LA (od 20.0 do 17.1 mmol/L), odpowiednio po pierwszej i po pi¹tej walce [3]. To porównanie mo¿e sugerowaæ, ¿e przerwy w czasie oficjalnej walki odgrywaj¹ podobn¹ fizjologiczn¹ rolê, co krótkotrwa³e okresy powysi³kowej restytucji, tj. promuj¹ czêœciow¹ normalizacjê LA. Podobnie jak w zapasach, oficjalna 5-minutowa walka judo mo¿e zakoñczyæ siê przed czasem, gdy jeden z zawodników osi¹gnie ogromn¹ przewagê nad swoim przeciwnikiem lub gdy jeden z nich wykona akcjê zwan¹ rzutem ippon, daj¹c¹ mu zwyciêstwo. Zachowanie LA po walkach judo by³o badane przez wielu autorów. Franchini i wsp. zauwa¿yli, ¿e w czasie aktywnej restytucji po walce judo szybkoœæ normalizacji LA jest wiêksza, ale rodzaj restytucji nie wp³ywa³ na poziom wykonania anaerobowej próby wysi³kowej [4]. Serrano i wsp. odnotowali dodatni¹ korelacjê pomiêdzy ca³kowit¹ ocen¹ wysi³ku (rating perceived exertion) w czasie zawodów judo a maksymalnym odnotowanym poziomem LA [5]. Badania Sbiccoliego i wsp. wykaza³y, ¿e w³oscy olimpijczycy judo (mê¿czyŸni i kobiety) uzyskali ni¿sze œrednie LA po teœcie Wingate (6.9 i 6.1 mmmo/L) ni¿ po 5-minutowej testowej walce (9.9 i 9.2 mmol/L) [6], jednak te wyniki, w porównaniu do uzyskanych przez innych, wydaj¹ siê bardzo zani¿one. Mo¿na spekulowaæ, ¿e krótkotrwa³e przerwy przedzielaj¹ce pojedyncze akcje w walce judo (np. na poprawienie stroju) s¹ wykorzystywane przez zmêczonych zawodników na odpoczynek i uniemo¿liwiaj¹ osi¹gniecie wy¿szych LA. Tê sugestie wzmacnia czêsto obserwowane pasywne zachowanie zmêczonych zawodników w czasie koñcowych turniejowych walk. To zmêczenie jest prawdopodobnie spowodowane g³êbokimi, metabolicznymi zmianami w miêœniach, bardzo wysokim stê¿eniem jonów H+ wraz z jednoczesnym obni¿eniem poziomu PCr (fosfokreatyny) do 30-35% wartoœci spoczynkowej, co jest przyczyn¹ spadku mocy pod koniec wysi³ku. W konsekwencji, Physiological responses to exertion in combat sport athletes during matches have been widely explored over the last decade. Attention was mainly focused on judo and wrestling, two sports, which unlike boxing or taekwondo, engage muscles of the lower and upper limbs and the trunk in maximal anaerobic exertions in a few minutes. Concentrations of blood lactate (LA) levels were extensively examined during competitions, since in anaerobic exertion this parameter is informative in evaluation of the role of energy derived from glycolysis. The studies on wrestling (Greco-Roman style) revealed that during high rank competition, a typical wrestling contest consisted of physically inactive periods of average overall duration of 110 s and active wrestling actions of total duration of 317 seconds. Since the duration of each wrestling match is different, post-exercise LA values vary as well. They range from 6.9 to 20.6 mmol/L and the higher LA is usually found following longer matches [1]. The type of exercise performed in the two styles of wrestling is almost the same, however, somewhat higher mean end-match LA values were noted for Greco-Roman style (14.8) compared to free style (12.5 mmol/L) [1,2]. Contrary to these five wrestling matches, each of them involved an uninterrupted 5minutes' exertion during a simulated wrestling tournament, which resulted in markedly higher mean LA values, ranging from 20.0 to 17.1 mmol/l following the first and fifth exertion respectively [3]. That comparison may imply that the effect physiological of interruptions during an official match is similar to that of short lasting post-exercise recovery i.e. promoting partial LA recovery during exercise performance. Likewise, in wrestling, an official judo match lasting 5 min., excluding intermissions, may come to the end before the scheduled time, when one competitor reaches huge predominance over his or her opponent, or when one of them makes the most spectacular throw named ippon making the competitor win. LA behaviour following judo matches was investigated by several authors. Franchini E et al. reported [4] that during active recovery of post 5-min judo combat the test rate of LA removal was higher than during the passive one, but the type of recovery did not affect anaerobic task performance [4]. Serrano MA et al. reported a positive correlation between the overall perceived exertion during judo competition and the maximal recorded LA value [5]. The study by Sbriccoli P et al., who examined Italian Olympic male and female judo players during a laboratory anaerobic test (Wingate 30 s) and a 5-minute combat test, showed lower post Wingate mean LA (6.9 and 6.1mmol/L) values than those obtained after a 5-min combat test (9.9 and 9.2 mmol/L) [6]. These results compared with those reported by other authors seem to be markedly underestimated. One may speculate that short-lasting interruptions separating single judo actions during a match (for instance to correct the uniform) may be utilised by a fatigued judo player to take a rest and make it impossible to reach a higher blood lactate level. This hypothesis is supported by a frequently observed passive behaviour of competitors at the end of longer matches in their final round. The fatigue is probably caused by deep metabolic changes in skeletal mus- Th is c op y is for pe rs on al us eo nly -d istr ibu tio np roh ibit ed . Wstêp - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - Obmiñski Z. i wsp., Miêdzyp³ciowe ró¿nice w stê¿eniu mleczanu po walkach judo 172 cles, similar to those recorded following supra maximal exertion and very high intracellular level of H + ions (pH<6.5) combined with the decrease in PCr level to 30-35% of the resting value, that contribute to post-exercise decline of power output. In consequence, slower motions and worse coordination can sometimes be observed at the end of a longer, exhausting judo match. The goal of this study was determination of blood lactate level following the first, and subsequent matches in male and female judo competitors during 1-day judo tournaments. Materia³ i metody Material and methods Badanie to obejmuje obserwacje poziomu mleczanu we krwi po walkach judo u seniorów zawodników i zawodniczek ró¿nych kategorii wagowych z wy³¹czeniem kategorii ciê¿kiej. Badani zawodnicy brali udzia³ w turniejach warszawskich w latach 1996-2007. Mê¿czyŸni startowali w 138, a kobiety w 121 walkach. Krew kapilarn¹ z p³atka ucha pobierano w kapilarn¹ szklan¹ rurkê i LA oznaczano w warunkach polowych zaraz po pobraniu zestawem Dr LANGE (GERMANY). Krew zbierano wg schematu: po rozgrzewce, przed (-5 min) walk¹, po (+3 min) walce, a nastêpnie pó³ godziny po walce. W czasie kolejnych walk krew pobierano jedynie przed i po walce. Obie grupy rozegra³y w turniejach ³¹cznie 92 pierwsze walki (mê¿czyŸni n=43, kobiety n=43) i 167 kolejnych (od II do V) walk (mê¿czyŸni n=89, kobiety n=78). This study includes monitoring of post-exercise blood lactate levels in senior judo players of various weight categories excluding participants of heavy weight category. Judo players took part in International Warsaw Judo Tournaments on the period 19962007. The males played 138, and females 121 matches. Capillary blood from earlobe was taken into a glass capillary tube and LA was measured by DR LANGE commercial kit, GERMANY, in field conditions and immediately after sampling. The time points of blood sampling were as follows: First matches: after the warm-up, prior to (-5 min) exertion, +3 min after exertion and afterwards, within +30 min of recovery. During subsequent matches blood was taken only prior to post events at the same time points as before. Both sexes played 92 first matches (males: n=49, females: n=43), and 167 subsequent matches (males: n=89, females: n=78). LA was measured by DR LANGE commercial kit, GERMANY. tio np roh ibit ibu -d istr nly Results on al us The results of LA measurements are presented in Table 1. Male competitors who obtained 138 post-exertion results, demonstrated significantly (p<0.001) higher (by 26%) mean post-exercise LA values compared for pe rs Tab. 1. Œrednie wartoœci i odchylenia standardowe oraz zakres stê¿eñ mleczanu we krwi (LA) po walkach judo (pierwszych i kolejnych w turniejach judo) u zawodników i zawodniczek judo Tab. 1. Mean values and standard deviations with the range of blood lactate levels (LA) following judo matches (first and successive of the judo tournaments) in elite male and female judo athletes Th is c op y is - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. Wyniki pomiarów LA zamieszczono w Tabeli 1. Mê¿czyŸni rozegrali ³¹cznie 138 walk i wykazali znacz¹co wy¿szy (p<0.001) o 26% powysi³kowy LA ni¿ kobiety, które rozegra³y 121 walk. Bior¹c do porównañ wyniki obu grup ³¹cznie wykazano, ¿e przed eo Wyniki - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. ed . pod koniec d³u¿szej i wyczerpuj¹cej walce obserwuje siê wolniejsze ruchy i gorsz¹ koordynacjê. Celem badañ by³o okreœlenie poziomu mleczanów we krwi (po pierwszej i po kolejnych walkach) u zawodników i zawodniczek judo po jednodniowym turnieju. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - Obmiñski Z. et al., Between gender differences in lactate concentration after judo fights 173 to the females (n=121).As for the total results, the LA (n=92) was significantly (p<0.005) lower prior to the first match than prior to subsequent matches (n=167). For all matches and for both sexes (n=259) LA significantly correlated with match duration (p< 0.001, r=0.686). For the first (n=92) and successive (167) matches, correlations were also highly significant (p<0.001) and the coefficients of correlation amounted to 0.722 and 0.549. LA values obtained prior to and after successive matches also correlated (p<0.005, r=0.408). The level of post or pre-exercise LA was not related to winning or losing. Dyskusja Discussion Przemiany energetycznych substratów w miêœniach i szybkoœæ glikolizy wywo³ana wysi³kiem beztlenowym u ludzi by³y szeroko badane. U studentów (mê¿czyzn i kobiet) o tym samym poziomie wydolnoœci fizycznej, wykonuj¹cych beztlenowy 30-sekundowy sprint, odnotowano podobny dla obu p³ci spadek stê¿eñ ATP (o 50%), PCr (o 83%) i glikogenu (o 35%) we w³óknach miêœni typu II. Ni¿szy, lecz równie¿ niezale¿ny od p³ci spadek stê¿eñ tych substratów odnotowano we w³óknach typu I, podczas gdy LA we krwi by³ u mê¿czyzn wy¿szy o 22% ni¿ u kobiet [7]. Wypada zauwa¿yæ, ¿e u obu p³ci powysi³kowy LA zale¿y od rodzaju treningów. U kobiet o ró¿nej adaptacji do krótkich, intensywnych wysi³ków, po wykonaniu testu Wingate LA wynosi³y œrednio 14.8, 13. i 11.2 mmol/L, odpowiednio u sprinterek, trenuj¹cych wytrzyma³oœæ i tych, które nie trenuj¹ [8]. Ró¿nice te s¹ zgodne z wynikami eksperymentu Webera i Schenejdera [9], którzy badali zmiany wydolnoœci beztlenowej w ci¹gu 8-tygodniowego okresu treningów o du¿ej intensywnoœci. Stosuj¹c test Wingate do oceny spodziewanej potreningowej poprawy wydolnoœci, odnotowano wzrost LA po teœcie wysi³kowym u mê¿czyzn i kobiet z wartoœci przed treningiem (14.3 i 11.5 mmol/L) do wartoœci po treningu (15.8 i 12.7 mmol/L). Cytowane wy¿ej powysi³kowe wartoœci LA s¹ dwukrotnie wy¿sze od powysi³kowych stê¿eñ odnotowanych u zawodników i zawodniczek judo [6]. Wy¿sze u mê¿czyzn œrednie wartoœci LA odnotowano równie¿ w czasie wysi³ku submaksymalnego (30 min, 60-65% VO2) i w czasie powysi³kowej restytucji [10]. Obserwowane ró¿nice miêdzy p³ciami prowokuj¹ do postawienia pytania o naturê tego zjawiska. Wydaje siê, ¿e zró¿nicowany rozk³ad w³ókien miêœniowych ma udzia³ w obserwowanych ró¿nicach miêdzy p³ciami. Wiadomo, ¿e rozk³ad trzech g³ównych typów w³ókien (I, IIA i IIB) jest taki sam u kobiet i mê¿czyzn, ale pola przekroju poprzecznego tych w³ókien s¹ wiêksze u mê¿czyzn [11]. Stanowi to dowód na wzglêdnie wiêkszy udzia³ masy miêœni w ca³kowitym ciê¿arze cia³a i mo¿e t³umaczyæ wiêksz¹ iloœæ mleczanu powsta³ego w pracuj¹cych miêœniach. Potwierdzenie znalaz³o to u zapaœników w badaniach Hübner-WoŸniak i wsp. [12], którzy odnotowali nieco wy¿sze wartoœci LA u mê¿czyzn ni¿ u kobiet po Wingate wykonanym nogami (11.9 vs. 10.4) i podobne ró¿nice miêdzy p³ciami po 30 s wysi³ku wykonanego rêkoma (11.8 vs. 9.1 mmol/L). Z drugiej strony, gdy wyniki wyra¿ono jako stosunek LA/masa tkanki bezt³uszczowej, nie odnotowano ¿adnych ró¿nic miêdzy kobietami a mê¿czyznami. The turnover of energetic muscle substrates and the rate of glycolysis induced by anaerobic exertion were widely studied in humans. In students, males and females of the similar fitness level, undergoing anaerobic 30s cycling sprint, similar for both sexes decrease in ATP (by 50%), PCr (by 83%) and glycogen (by 35%) were found in type II muscle fibres. A lower, but also non sex-dependent decrease mentioned substrates were noted in type I fibres, while blood lactate were levels was higher by 22% in males [7]. It was found, that post-anaerobic LA in both sexes depended on the type of training. In females with different adaptation level to short intensive exercise, the mean post-Wingate LA values were 14.8, 13.0 and 11.2 mmol/L for sprinters, endurance-trained athletes and untrained subjects respectively [8]. These differences are in agreement with the results of the experiment conducted by Weber and Schneider [9], who examined changes in anaerobic capacity over the 8-week period of high intensity training with intervals. Using Wingate-test for detection of the expected post-training improvement of anaerobic performance, they revealed elevation of post-Wingate peak LA values in males and females from baseline values,14.3 and 11.5 to post training ones, 15.8 and 12.7 mmol/L. These end-Wingate LA levels are twofold higher than those found in judo players [6]. A higher mean LA concentration was also found in males during a submaximal exercise (30 min, 60-65% VO2) and recovery [10]. The observed between sex differences in LA, following different efforts makes us ask the question regarding the nature of that phenomenon. It seems, that differed distribution of different types of muscle fibres partly contributes to the observed differences. It is known that the distribution of the three major types of muscle fibres, I, IIA and IIB in males and females are the same, but the cross-sectional areas of these fibres are higher in men [11]. This is the evidence for a for relatively higher contribution of muscle mass to total body weight and may explain the higher amount of lactate generated by working muscle fibres. That has been confirmed by Hûbner-WoŸniak et al. [12] who reported somewhat higher post Wingate leg cycling LA in male than female wrestles (11.9 vs 10.4 mmol/L), and similar sex-related differences in LA following 30 s arm cranking (11.8 vs 9.1 mmol/L). On the other hand, when these results were expressed as LA/ free fat mass ratio, no differences between sexes were noted. The results of our study showed higher post-match LA values following longer exertion. The same effect was observed following wrestling matches of various Th is c op y is for pe rs on al us eo nly -d istr ibu tio np roh ibit ed . walkami pierwszymi (n=92) LA by³ znacz¹co (p<0.005) ni¿szy ni¿ przed kolejnymi (n=167) walkami. Dla wszystkich walk i obu p³ci (n=259) LA znacz¹co korelowa³ z czasem trwania walki (p<0.001, r=0.686). Dla pierwszych (n=92) i kolejnych (n=167) walk korelacje LA/czas walki by³y równie¿ znacz¹ce (p<0.001) i wynosi³y odpowiednio 0.722 i 0.549. Przed i powysi³kowe wartoœci LA dla kolejnych walk (n=167) by³y równie¿ znacz¹co skorelowane (p<0.005, r=0.408). Nie odnotowano zwi¹zku pomiêdzy przed i powysi³kowymi wartoœci LA a zwyciêstwem lub pora¿k¹ zawodników. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - This copy is for personal use only - distribution prohibited. - Obmiñski Z. i wsp., Miêdzyp³ciowe ró¿nice w stê¿eniu mleczanu po walkach judo 174 duration [1], and laboratory anaerobic tests lasting 6 s and 30 s (5.4 vs. 12.3 mmol/L) [13]. It should be considered, that single blood sampling in the third minute of post-match recovery may not reveal the real peak value of LA. That is brought about by delayed LA transport from muscles to blood, and individual the blood LA clearance rate. It was demonstrated, that in short-lasting vigorous exertion, the peak of LA value occurred a few minutes following effort termination, and the shift of LA peak with regard to end of effort was related to the intensity [14] and duration of exercise [15]. The experimental data regarding LA dynamics over post-exertion recovery are useful for working out a mathematical model of lactate generation and removal [16]. The rate of lactate metabolism over a short-term recovery play an important role especially during the rounds of final matches. Our observations of LA accumulation due to inadequate recovery period before final matches do not allow us to arbitrate, whether the higher pre finals LA values affect athletic outcome. The answer to that question needs simultaneous examination of pairs, competitors and their opponents. Hence, we may only confirm the fact reported by Cinar et al. who did not find any relationships between LA level and winning or losing [2]. Wnioski Conclusions tio np roh ibit ibu -d istr nly eo 1. Male judo competitors reach higher blood lactate levels compared to female players during competition. 2. Over time course of one-day judo tournament judo players who passed to final matches demonstrated accumulation of LA because of inadequate duration of post- exertion recovery 3. Post-match LA values are related to match duration. us 1. Zawodnicy judo osi¹gaj¹ wy¿sze od zawodniczek poziomy mleczanu po walce na zawodach. 2. W czasie jednodniowego turnieju judo zawodnicy, którzy przeszli do rundy fina³owej, wykazuj¹ akumulacjê mleczanu we krwi z powodu zbyt krótkiego czasu powysi³kowej restytucji. 3. Powysi³kowe stê¿enia mleczanu s¹ odpowiednie do czasu trwania walki judo. ed . Prezentowane wyniki pokaza³y wy¿sze wartoœci LA po d³u¿ej trwaj¹cych walkach. Ten sam efekt ujawniono po walkach zapaœniczych [1] oraz po laboratoryjnych testach trwaj¹cych 6 i 30 sekund (5.4 vs 12.3 mmol/L). Trzeba jednak wzi¹æ pod uwagê fakt, ¿e pojedyncze pobranie krwi w okresie 3 minut po walce mo¿e nie ujawniæ rzeczywistej maksymalnej wartoœci parametru. Jest to spowodowane opóŸnionym transportem mleczanu z miêœni do krwi oraz indywidualn¹ szybkoœci¹ jego usuwania z kr¹¿enia. Ujawniono, ¿e po krótkich, intensywnych wysi³kach szczyt LA pojawia siê kilka minut po zakoñczeniu pracy i to wzglêdne opóŸnienie zale¿y do intensywnoœci [14] i czasu trwania wysi³ku [15]. Eksperymentalne wyniki odnoœnie powysi³kowej dynamiki LA s¹ u¿yteczne dla tworzenia matematycznych modeli powstawania i usuwania ze krwi mleczanu [16]. Wydaje siê, ¿e szybkoœæ metabolizmu mleczanu odgrywa wa¿n¹ rolê w rundzie walk fina³owych. Nasze obserwacje odnoœnie akumulacji mleczanu jako efektu nieodpowiedniego okresu restytucji przed walkami fina³owymi nie pozwalaj¹ stwierdziæ czy wy¿szy LA przed walk¹ fina³ow¹ wp³ywa na wynik sportowy. OdpowiedŸ na to pytanie wymaga jednoczesnego zbadania startuj¹cych par, sportowców i ich rywali. St¹d mo¿emy tylko potwierdziæ fakty obserwowane przez Conar¹ i wsp., którzy nie wykazali zale¿noœci pomiêdzy LA a przegran¹ lub wygran¹ [2]. al Piœmiennictwo / References Th is c op y is for pe rs on 1. Nilsson J, Csergö S, Gullstrand L, Tveit P, Refsnes PE. Work-time profile, blood lactate concentration and rating of perceived exertion in the 1998 Greco-Roman Wrestling Word Championship. J Sports Sci 2002; 20: 930-945. 2. Cinar G, Tammer K. Lactate profiles of wrestling who participated in 32nd European Free-Style Wrestling Championship in 1989. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1994; 34: 156-160. 3. Kraemer W, Fry AC, Rubin MR, Triplet-Mcbride T, Gordon SE, Kosiris P, Lynch JM, Volek JS, Meuffels DE, Newton RU, Fleck SJ. Physiological and performance responses to tournament wrestling. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33: 1367-1378. 4. 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