Journal of KONES 2007 NO 2

Editor in Chief: Antoni JANKOWSKI
Editorial Office Secretary: Barbara SIEMINSKA
International Editorial Advisory Board
Andrzej AMBROZIK
Masutaka ARAI (Japan)
Rik BAERT (Netherlands)
Jerzy BAJKOWSKI
Georg BARTON (Germany)
Wojciech BATKO
Mustafa BAYHAN (Turkey)
Romuald BEDZINSKI
Maciej BERNHARDT
Maciej BERNHARDT
Cezary BOCHENSKI
Zdzislaw BOGDANOWICZ
Waclaw BORKOWSKI
Ulf G. BOSSEL (Switzerland)
Dirk BOSTEELS (Belgium)
Bert BREUER (Germany)
Zbigniew BURCIU
Gintautas BUREIKA (Lithuania)
Massimo CAPOBIANKO (Italy)
Czeslaw CEMPEL
Adam CHARCHALIS
Zdzislaw CHLOPEK
Andrzej CHUDZIKIEWICZ
Suk Ho CHUNG (Korea)
Marian CICHY
Andrzej CISZEWSKI
David CROLLA (UK)
Karol CUPIAL
Jan CZERWINSKI (Switzerland)
Zbigniew DABROWSKI
Yasuhiro DAISHO (Japan)
Wiktor DANILCZYK
Andrzej DARKOWSKI
Gunter H. DEINZER (Germany)
Roman DOMANSKI
Julius DREW(USA)
Andrzej DUKS
Adam DUZYNSKI
Mieczyslaw DZIUBINSKI
Patrick V. FARRELL (USA)
Andrzej FELLNER
Jan FIGURSKI
Malcolm F. FOX (UK)
Janusz GARDULSKI
Piotr GEBIS
Jerzy GIRTLER
Wieslaw GRZESIKIEWICZ
Stanislaw GUCMA
Jerzy HAJDUK
Daniel M. HANCOCK. (USA)
Herbert HEITLAND (Germany)
John B. HEYWOOD (USA)
Vladimir HLAVNA (Slovakia)
Gunter HOHL (Austria)
Marek IDZIOR
Antoni ISKRA
Valentin IVANOV (Belarus)
Murli M. IYER (USA)
Janusz JAKOBIEC
Romuald JANIK
Antoni JANKOWSKI
Jozef JAROSINSKI
Tad JAROSZCZYK (USA)
Jerzy JASKOLSKI
Marek REKSA
Jerzy JAZWINSKI
Gerhart RINNE(Germany)
Timothy JOHNSON (USA)
Roger R. ROGOWSKI (USA)
Zdzislaw JUDA
Kazimierz ROMANISZYN
Krzysztof JUNIEC
Marek RUDKOWSKI
Tadeusz KALDONSKI
Eugeniusz RUSINSKI
Tadashige KAWAKAMI (Japan)
Piotr RYBAK
Rudolf KLEMENS,
Tadeusz SALAMONOWICZ
Jan KLOPOCKI
Alexander SANDEL(USA)
Waclaw KOLLEK
Yoshio SATO (Japan)
Czeslaw KOLANEK
Janusz SECZYK
Grzegorz KOWALCZYK
Bronislaw SENDYKA
Andrzej KOWALEWICZ,
Eran SHER (Israel)
Stanislaw W. KRUCZYNSKI
Masahiro SHIOJI (Japan)
Jin KUSAKA (Japan)
Barbara SIEMINSKA
Jerzy KUSMIDROWICZ
Jan SIKORA
Nicos LADOMMATOS (UK)
Wojciech SILKA
Kazimierz LASIEWICKI
Lech SITNIK
Kazimierz LEJDA
Paul F. SKALNY
Jan LESINSKY (Slovakia)
Zenon SLAWINSKI
Stefan LISCAK (Slovakia)
Marek SLEZAK
Egbert LOX (Germany)
Marcin SLEZAK
Slawomir LUFT
Zbigniew SMALKO
Jan MACEK (Czech Republic)
Boguslaw SMOLSKI
Simon MARTINEZ (Mexico)
Andrzej SOBIESIAK (Canada)
John MAY (UK)
Stanislaw SOJA
Krzysztof MENDERA
Lech SOKALSKI
Krzysztof MENDERA
Adam SOWA
Jerzy MERKISZ
Kazimierz SOWA
Wieslaw MICHNOWICZ
Boleslaw STOLARSKI
Eric MILKINS (Australia)
Mieczyslaw STRUS
Ray MORRIS(USA)
Jerzy SYGNIEWICZ
Andrzej MRUK
Cezary SZCZEPANIAK
Andrzej MUSZYNSKI
Ryszard SZCZEPANIK
Karol NADOLNY
Antoni SZUMANOWSKI
Zdzislaw NAGORSKI
Piotr TARKOWSKI
Eugen NEGRUS (Romania)
Andrzej TEODORCZYK
Antoni NEYMAN
Jerzy TOKARZEWSKI
Andrzej NIEWCZAS
Dietmar UEBERSCHAR (Germany)
Tadeusz NIEZGODA
Jan A. WAJAND
Jozef NITA
Jerzy WALENTYNOWICZ
Jerzy NYKIEL
Wojciech WALKOWIAK
Yasuhiko OHTA (Japan)
Harry WATSON (Australia)
Wieslaw OLSZEWSKI
Miroslaw WENDEKER
Antoni K. OPPENHEIM
Jerzy WICHER
Marek ORKISZ
Ida WIERZBA (Canada)
Kenneth OSCAR (USA)
Krzysztof WIERZCHOLSKI
Jan W. OSIECKI
Andrzej WILK
Krzysztof OSSOWSKI
Michael WILLMANN (Germany)
Oleg OSTAPIUK(Ukraine)
Witold WISNIOWSKI
Zbigniew PAWELSKI
Marek WLODARCZYK (USA)
Andrzej PIETAK
Andrzej WOJCIECHOWSKI
Stanislaw PIETROWSKI
Maciej WOROPAY
Alvydas PIKUNAS(Lithuania)
Jan WRONA
Franz F. PISCHINGER
Piotr WRZECIONIARZ
Marek POL
Miroslaw L. WYSZYNSKI (UK)
Marian POLONI(Slovakia)
Marian ZABLOCKI
Stefan POSTRZEDNIK
Jozef ZAJAC
Leon PROCHOWSKI
Mieczyslaw ZAJAC
Jozef PSZCZOLKOWSKI
Edmundas ZAWADZKAS (Lithuania)
Roger R. ROGOWSKI
Zbigniew ZMUDKA
Stanislaw RADKOWSKI
Anrdzej ZOLTOWSK
Feliks RAWSKI
Jozef ZUREK
Editorial Office
Institute of Aeronautics BK
Al. Krakowska 110/114, 02-256 Warsaw, Poland
tel. +48 22 846 00 11, fax +48 22 846 44 32, e-mail: [email protected]
This journal is devoted to the latest achievements in research, development and design of both compression-ignition and sparkignition as well as other combustion engines (hybrids) with special attention to ecology, combustion processes, mixture preparation,
exhaust aftertreatment, electronic control, diagnostics and maintenance, durability and reliability, new materials, engine parts, fuel
and lubricants, other alternative fuels (including hydrogen), fuel cells and converters, electric drive standards, noise and vibration,
diagnostics (OBD), catalysis, catalyst systems.
The journal is also devoted to the problems of research, design and development for different kinds of vehicles, reliability and
durability with a especial attention on novel generation of vehicles, pollution, environment protection, simulation and modelling
including land, sea and air vehicles with a particular regard on connection with powertain, ecology, and safety.
The languages of the papers are English and Polish. The preferred spellings are of the Oxford English Dictionary.
All papers were reviewed by the members of the International Editorial Advisory Board (International Scientific Committee of
European Science Society of Powertrain and Transport KONES).
This publication or any part thereof may not be reproduced without the written permission of the copyright owner.
All Papers are reviewed
© Copyright by Permanent Committee of KONES
All rights reserved
ISSN 1231 - 4005
Printed and bended in Poland